Perpustakaan Digital

In the search for sustainable city solutions, engineers face a bottleneck situation in balancing development and the intensified environmental challenges induced by scaled-up flooding, over-grown river vegetation, sediment transport, bridge and coastal scouring, and excessive pollution. The coupling impacts of uncontrolled flood and sediment to a city has caused difficulty in its management. Various numerical, theoretical, and experimental approaches have been proposed to reproduce flow and sediment transport conditions in real-world urban rivers, in order to perfect management strategies for them. This reprint, which is built from a well-planned journal’s Special Issue, aims to construct a collection of state-of-the-art studies and technologies to give insights to the related environmental, river, and sustainable city research and engineering communities. It is related and, hence, useful for environmental, river, and hydraulic engineers, authorities, and researchers to understand th

Mycotoxins—harmful compounds produced by fungi—pose serious threats to food safety and public health. This Special Issue compiles research addressing their detection, toxic effects, and mitigation. Studies have revealed that Fusarium verticillioides resists fumonisins through ceramide synthase overexpression (FUM18), and a new HPLC-FLD method now allows precise OTA measurement in mouse brain and intestine tissues. In the past, Mycotoxin contamination in hops used for brewing was widespread, though controlled storage limited some risks. Since then, machine learning models have emerged as promising tools for rapid detection, albeit with reproducibility challenges. Protective agents like quercetin, fermented whey, and plant polyphenols (e.g., catechin, epicatechin) have also demonstrated the ability to counteract mycotoxin toxicity, and research has shown that mycotoxins' stability in food varies over time and that co-ingestion factors like milk can alter absorption. The combined toxicity of mycotoxins with compounds like acrylamide may increase neurological risks, highlighting the need for deeper investigation. Despite progress, significant gaps remain in assessing human exposure, developing validated biomarkers, and using advanced human-relevant models, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary efforts to improve risk assessment and mitigation.

We know that sustainability has become an important topic in every aspect of life. The textile, fashion, and material industries must also be sustainable, which could be imparted in their development, production, or even marketing. The textile industry has a huge market, as clothing is arguably the most important human need after food. Recently, this industry has been labeled as a polluting industry, a label that could be overcome by the proper development of textile goods and careful marketing strategies. There are specific roles that government, entrepreneurs, and even universities can play in properly educating people to make the textile industry cleaner and greener. Several journals focus only on one of the aspects of this key problem, i.e., the production of sustainable materials, textile education, or textile marketing. However, herein, we strive to bring different areas together on one platform to cover different aspects, i.e., production, policy, education, and marketing rela

This Reprint, titled “Seismic Analysis and Design of Ocean and Underground Structures”, presents a curated collection of high-quality research papers addressing the dual challenges of seismic safety in deep marine and complex underground environments. The Reprint explores four primary thematic areas. First, it highlights advanced numerical simulation methods, specifically focusing on complex fluid–structure interaction (FSI) problems. A notable contribution demonstrates the use of the coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian (CEL) method for analyzing submerged floating tunnels, providing a high-fidelity alternative to traditional methods. Other studies investigate sloshing modes in liquid-filled containers and FSI effects. Second, it addresses the structural design of marine-specific facilities, including modular artificial reefs and nuclear power intake tunnels situated on non-uniform soft soils. A significant portion of this Reprint is dedicated to the seismic resilience of underground structures. Extensive research is presented on the impact of weak interlayers and soft soil sites on subway station stability. These studies introduce and validate innovative seismic mitigation components, such as split columns, which significantly enhance structural ductility and reduce internal force compared to traditional designs. Finally, the collection covers lifeline maintenance and subsurface intelligence, examining the reinforcement of corroded steel pipelines with CFRP and advanced reflected wave extraction algorithms for borehole imaging.

Reservoir quality (porosity and permeability) and heterogeneity in carbonate and siliciclastic hydrocarbon reservoirs and groundwater aquifers are significantly constrained by diagenetic processes, such as biological, chemical, biochemical, and mechanical changes, that occur in sediments subsequent to deposition and prior to low-grade metamorphism. Diagenesis, which has a variable but overall important impact on reservoir quality evolution, is controlled by several inter-related parameters. These parameters include the depositional composition of the sediments, depositional facies, sequence stratigraphy, pore water chemistry, burial history and tectonic setting of the basin, and paleoclimatic conditions.Carbonate and siliciclastic sediments often undergo multiple stages of diagenesis, which are related to complex patterns of burial-thermal history (subsidence and uplift) that are controlled by the tectonic evolution of the basin. Tectonic evolution of the basin is controlled by the p

The use of robots in marine and underwater applications is growing rapidly. These applications share the common requirement of modeling the environment and estimating the robots’ pose. Although there are several mapping, SLAM, target detection and localization methods, marine and underwater environments have several challenging characteristics, such as poor visibility, water currents, communication issues, sonar inaccuracies or unstructured environments, that have to be considered. The purpose of this Special Issue is to present the current research trends in the topics of underwater localization, mapping, SLAM, and target detection and localization. To this end, we have collected seven articles from leading researchers in the field, and present the different approaches and methods currently being investigated to improve the performance of underwater robots. Related Books Applications and Development of Underwater Robotics and Underwater Vision Technology Computer Science & Mathema

During the last several decades, the creative and cultural industries (CCIs) have increasingly been recognized for their role in local, regional, national and supranational economies; as drivers of economic growth, development and regeneration; and for their social and cultural impact on well-being, place-making, inclusion, sustainability, diversity and culture. On the other hand, the COVID-19 crisis has exposed the fragility and precarity of an industry dominated by micro-businesses and freelance and informal work practices, as well as having few tangible assets, calling into question the sustainability of economic models based on a high level of precarity in labor practices. This has led to some efforts (by governments and public bodies) to protect the industry from the pandemic’s impact. At the same time, lockdowns have also highlighted the importance of creative activity in maintaining individual well-being and community resilience as well as the innovative potential of the indus

The pandemic period has caused severe socio-economic damage, but it is accompanied by environmental deterioration that can also affect economic opportunities and social equity. In the face of this double risk, future generations are ready to be resilient and make their contribution not only on the consumption side, but also through their inclusion in all companies by bringing green and circular principles with them. Policy makers can also favor this choice. Related Books Challenges of Post-COVID-19 for a Sustainable Development Society Social Sciences, Arts & Humanities The Influence of COVID-19 on Sustainable Economy Social Sciences, Arts & Humanities ... Resilient Cities and Land Take Effective Management Through Sustainable Urban Planning Tools Business & Economics ... Sustainable Real Estate and Resilient Cities Management, Assessment and Innovations Environmental & Earth Sciences ... Education and Worklife in Times of Uncertainty: Challenges Emerging from the COVID-19 Pandemic

To achieve the objectives of low-carbon and sustainable buildings, human thermal comfort and its related technologies are gaining increasing attention in recent years. This reprint focuses on two key issues of human thermal comfort: (1) a comprehensive scientific understanding of the intricate interplay between indoor occupants and their thermal environments, and (2) the technological advancements stemming from novel scientific breakthroughs. Special attention is given to thermal comfort in special spaces, of diverse groups, and with advanced technologies. Related Books Indoor Thermal Comfort Engineering Energy Implications of Thermal Comfort in Buildings considering Climate Change Engineering Optimizing Energy Efficiency and Thermal Comfort in Building Engineering Internal Environment and Thermal Performance of Buildings Engineering Buildings' Thermal Performance and Energy Efficiency for a Sustainable Construction Engineering The recommendations have been generated using an AI sy

In recent years, peptides generated from various marine organisms have attracted wide attention due to their diverse chemical structures and bioactivities, including antioxidant, immune-modulating, angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory, hypotensive, hypolipidemic, antiviral, cytotoxic, neurotoxic, anticoagulant, and antifreeze activities. Moreover, bioactive peptides can serve as additional functional components used in health foods, nutraceuticals, bio-preservatives, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. The Special Issue “Marine Bioactive Peptides—Structure, Function, and Application 2.0” aimed to collect papers on up-to-date information regarding the preparation, structural identification, activity, and functional evaluation, as well as the application of marine bioactive peptides.

This Special Issue focuses on the impacts of climate change on regional hydrological resources, further improving simulation accuracy and the research system related to the impacts of climate change on water resources. High-quality research studies on observed and projected changes during the 21st century in the different components of the hydrological cycle affecting water resources such as precipitation, evapotranspiration and streamflow in different geographical regions take into account various spatial scales and methodological approaches. Related Books Climate Variability and Climate Change Impacts on Land Surface, Hydrological Processes and Water Management Environmental & Earth Sciences Climate Change and Hydrological Processes Environmental & Earth Sciences Impact of Climate-Change on Water Resources Environmental & Earth Sciences Hydrological Extremes in a Warming Climate: Nonstationarity, Uncertainties and Impacts Physical Sciences Climate Change and Hydrological Processes

The rapid development of computers has stimulated growing interest in the physical foundations of computation. This interest arises from both applicative and fundamental aspects of computation. In the most general terms, computation involves transforming inputs into outputs using a specific set of instructions. The necessary questions include the following: What are the physical limitations of computation? What are the minimal energy costs of computation, and what is the maximal possible velocity of computation? The Landauer principle, addressed in this Special Issue, is one of the limiting physical principles that constrain the behavior of computing systems. The Landauer principle restricts the minimal energy necessary for the erasure of one bit of information. Rolf Landauer adopted the notion that computation is a physical process; thus, it must obey the laws of physics, and first and foremost, the laws of thermodynamics. This thinking led to a new limiting physical principle, establishing minimal energy costs for the erasure of a single memory bit for a system operating at equilibrium temperature T. According to Landauer, this energy is E=kBTln2. This Special Issue discusses the Landauer principle in the context of other physical limiting principles, such as the Mandelstam–Tamm and Margolus–Levitin limiting principles. The Special Issue addresses a diversity of problems related to the meaning and applications of the Landauer principle. It discusses the interrelation between logical and thermodynamic irreversibility and precise links between energy and information.

Freshwater macroinvertebrates play a crucial role in linking sediments and their processes to the food web. Indeed, environmental modifications (e.g., nitrogen deposition, salinity, and temperature increase), pollution (e.g., pesticides and heavy metals), and introduction of alien species are the main drivers of changes that are affecting their communities. This Special Issue aims to present the past and present knowledge on freshwater macroinvertebrates to understand their role as providers of ecosystem services, to highlight the effects of global changes on their community (in the short and long term), and to underline major gaps in their study. Finally, in order to tackle the currently unsustainable use of freshwater natural capital, we welcome ideas and expert opinions on the development of future research linked to national and international regulations. Related Books Aquatic Insects Biology & Life Sciences ... Freshwater Ecosystems Biology & Life Sciences ... Macrophytes in In

Liquid crystals are widely known and used in flat panel displays and TVs, but also from surfactants and detergents, such as washing powder. This publication collects a number of articles and reviews which go beyond the commonly mentioned applications and properties. These are, for example, liquid crystalline elastomers, applications in photonics and sensors, or the role of topology, knotting, and solitons in the description of recently observed director field disturbances of liquid crystals. The timely application of machine learning is discussed in the study along with the characterization of liquid crystals. Interactions with substrates and the use of patterned substrates for novel applications are discussed and studies about lyotropic liquid crystals are reported. All in all, this publication represents a collection of novel aspects of liquid crystals, leaving the more standard structure-property investigations and display studies of the last century, to advance into the 21st century.

Research on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of multiphase flow has received great attention due to its widespread applications in various fields of engineering and science, such as agricultural engineering, petrochemical engineering, biomedical engineering, chemistry processes, nuclear engineering, ocean engineering, and energy storage technologies, etc. This reprint aims to provide an effective platform and demonstrate the latest progress in the area of flow and heat transfer in multiphase flow and porous media; it contains experimental studies, numerical simulation, theoretical derivation and analysis, and engineering applications. Related Books Phase Change, Interphase Coupling, and Multiphase Transport in Porous Structures Chemistry & Materials Science ... Flow and Heat or Mass Transfer in the Chemical Process Industry Engineering Selected Problems in Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Engineering Heat and Mass Transfer in Porous Materials Engineering Heat and Mass Transfer

Coastal regions are susceptible to rapid changes, as they constitute the boundary between the land and the sea. The resilience of a particular segment of coast depends on many factors, including climate change, sea-level changes, natural and technological hazards, extraction of natural resources, population growth, and tourism. Recent research highlights the strong capabilities for remote sensing applications to monitor, inventory, and analyze the coastal environment. This book contains 12 high-quality and innovative scientific papers that explore, evaluate, and implement the use of remote sensing sensors within both natural and built coastal environments. Related Books Applications of Remote Sensing in Coastal Areas Environmental & Earth Sciences Remote Sensing in Coastline Detection Environmental & Earth Sciences ... Satellite Remote Sensing for Ocean and Coastal Environment Monitoring Environmental & Earth Sciences Coastal Waters Monitoring Using Remote Sensing Technology Environ

The concept of sustainable development refers to four distinct areas—human, social, economic, and environmental—known as the four pillars of sustainability. Cultural industries are a challenge for the future of culture. This field includes four main topics, namely features, domination, individualization, and the characterization of the culture industry itself. The purpose of cultural industries is important for ensuring the continued development of society and is at the heart of a creative economy for generating considerable economic wealth.Design and cultural creativity will eventually be implemented into specific designs. The complexity of the design itself requires careful consideration in all aspects and especially in the field of engineering. How can we make designs more in line with human nature? How can we implement the spirit and concept of sustainable development in the cultural industry? This all requires mutual cooperation between designers, engineers, and companies. Meanw

During the past five decades, we have witnessed a tremendous evolution in water resource system management. Three characteristics of this evolution are of particular note: First, the application of the systems approach to complex water management problems has been established as one of the most important advances in the field of water resource management. Second, the past five decades have brought a remarkable transformation of attitude in the water resource management community towards environmental concerns and action to address these concerns. Third, applying the principles of sustainability to water resource decision-making requires major changes in the objectives on which decisions are based, and an understanding of the complicated inter-relationships between existing ecological, economic, and social factors. The Special Issue includes 15 contributions that offer insights into contemporary problems, approaches, and issues related to the management of complex water resources syste

Groundwater is the most abundant freshwater resource available on Earth. It is a source of drinking water for more than 2 billion people, also providing more than 40\% of water resources for irrigated agriculture. Land use change accompanied with various human activities is expected to have substantial impact on groundwater quality and contamination at regional scales throughout the twenty-first century, especially in urbanized areas. For example, the wholesale transformation of agricultural and natural ecosystems to more intensive uses of urbanization and industrialization has a strong negative impact on groundwater quality worldwide. As a consequence, in order to enhance the utility of groundwater resources under the condition of land use change, knowledge on the status of groundwater quality and contamination at regional scales is required. Therefore, this reprint presents a vast array of information on regional groundwater quality and contamination in several countries such as China, India, Uganda, and Ethiopia. In addition, a systematic review on advanced analytical approaches for phenolic compounds in groundwater was also included. We hope that it will be a useful reference for related readers, hydrogeologists, and departments of water resources’ development and utilization.

This Special Issue highlights the urgent need for sustainable solutions in wastewater and waste treatment, showcasing 17 innovative contributions spanning life cycle assessments, biological remediation, circular economy models, and advanced purification technologies. Articles explore technoeconomic evaluations of gasification and PEM electrolysis, novel uses of biochar and nanocatalysts, and industrial recovery of bioplastics and antioxidants. With a focus on real-world applicability, this issue demonstrates how new biological, chemical, and hybrid approaches can enable the transition to resource-efficient, circular waste management. Key themes include pollutant degradation, energy recovery, and environmental impact reduction, all within the broader context of achieving a more sustainable future. This editorial underlines the importance of cross-sector collaboration to scale up these technologies and emphasizes the potential of digital tools, synthetic biology, and integrated treatments in driving innovation forward.

Floods are one of the most common natural hazards that substantially affect human lives and properties globally. Engineering is of key importance to cope with flood risk as it provides integrated solutions associated with hydrological–hydraulic and coastal-advanced techniques for analysing flooding risk, for designing flood infrastructures for direct protection, for providing natural retention measures that enhance environmental and river restoration, for developing flood warning systems, and for presenting integrated construction and non-construction measures in order to adapt to emerging climatic challenges and develop resilience under the modern city environment.This Special Issue highlights the current efforts being made to advance the science and applications in flood engineering and, more specifically, in a wide spectrum of its related geosciences, such as hydrology, hydraulics, sedimentation, and river restoration. Related Books Modelling of Floods in Urban Areas Environmenta

Amid rapid urbanization, digital transformation and global sustainability challenges, smart land use planning has become crucial for balancing economic development, ecological protection and social equity. This Special Issue, themed “Smart Land Use Planning”, collates 12 cutting-edge research articles from around the globe, covering theoretical exploration, technical integration, regional cases and policy implications, aiming to present the latest progress and innovative practices for academics, planners and policy-makers. The accompanying Reprint compiles all articles for long-term academic dissemination and practical application. Focusing on interdisciplinary integration, the issue includes regional case studies (e.g., China’s Yangtze River Delta, Xining’s marginal area and Togo’s Greater Lomé), explores the intersection of smart planning and sustainable development, and highlights smart technology applications in specific land use types. Collectively, the articles reflect the diversity and rigor of related research, providing practical solutions for complex land use issues. This Special Issue enriches the theoretical system of smart land use planning and promotes global academic exchanges, contributing to sustainable land use and regional high-quality development.

The recovery of solid waste is a challenge and an opportunity for companies, thanks to the ongoing awareness of sustainability and technological advances. The end-of-waste criteria constitute a European strategic goal that promotes recycling in order to ensure a high level of environmental protection by means of reducing the quantity of waste destined for disposal. This Special Issue promotes the knowledge regarding technological methods for solid waste recovery. Articles investigate innovative processing methods with the goal of valorizing solid waste from different civil and industrial activities. Topics includes studies on construction and building, mining, plastics, and WEEE, referring to the treatment techniques used and, where appropriate, the critical raw materials that can be valorized. The recovery processes of critical raw materials can be very energy-intensive, affecting environmental and soil factors. Case studies on sustainable, low-carbon and resource-efficient techniq

This Special Issue explores the cross-disciplinary approaches, methodologies, and applications of socio-environmental vulnerability assessment that can be incorporated into sustainable management. The volume comprises 20 different points of view, which cover environmental protection and development, urban planning, geography, public policymaking, participation processes, and other cross-disciplinary fields. The articles collected in this volume come from all over the world and present the current state of the world’s environmental and social systems at a local, regional, and national level. New approaches and analytical tools for the assessment of environmental and social systems are studied. The practical implementation of sustainable development as well as progressive environmental and development policymaking are discussed. Finally, the authors deliberate about the perspectives of social–environmental systems in a rapidly changing world. Related Books Coastal Vulnerability and Miti