Perpustakaan Digital

Plant cell signaling is an intensive research topic in which reductionism can be achieved when we investigate the systems of model plants. To continue our previous book entitled “Cell Signaling in Model Plants”, the second volume explores more insights into the regulatory mechanisms of plant growth and development and eventually collects 20 publications that consist of one editorial, eleven original research articles and eight literature reviews. This book only presents a snapshot of this intensive field of plant biology, and we believe that with the rapid development of advanced technology such as integrative multi-omics and CRISPR genome editing, more and more critical networks of plant cell signaling will be unraveled in the future. Related Books Cell Signaling in Model Plants Biology & Life Sciences Plant Signaling, Behavior and Communication Biology & Life Sciences New Insights into Plant Signaling Mechanisms in Biotic and Abiotic Stress Biology & Life Sciences Advances in Plan

This Special Issue reprint provides updates on relevant knowledge about the usefulness of improving fertilizer use efficiency in crops, thus ensuring enough food of acceptable quality for the rising world population while taking into account environmental considerations. Plant nutrient requirements and nutrition are complex issues, with 17 known nutrients necessary for plant growth and this field being an intersection of various sciences such as soil science, plant physiology, chemistry, circular economy, environmental science, and others. Plant nutrition is one of the most important elements on which the yield and quality of agricultural products depend. For about a century, a significant yield increase was seen thanks to the revolutionary method introduced by Nobel laureate Norman Borlaug on the use of chemical fertilizers for crops that can cover the nutritional needs of the world. But, what should we expect today? The current tendency around the world is to adjust to the actual n

Modern agriculture is a significant contributor to climate change and environmental degradation, and various environmental stressors—significantly exacerbated by climate change—affect cropping systems, decreasing yields and product quality. Therefore, it is imperative to identify innovative, biobased approaches to improve the sustainability of cropping systems, reduce their contribution to climate change, and make agriculture more resilient and productive. In this context, the valorization of agro-industrial waste represents a strategic and relevant way to reduce the environmental impact of agriculture and increase its productivity. Some recent studies have focused on producing biostimulants and biofertilizers from agro-industrial wastes, thereby advancing a circular economy paradigm. Furthermore, within the scope of promoting third-generation biorefinery, following pretreatment for the extraction/production of valuable substances, this kind of biomass can be utilized for anaerobic digestion for energy production and finally converted into (bio)fertilizers. This Special Issue provides an overview of innovative and cutting-edge research on the potentialities of biomass, including the research on obtaining biostimulants, biofertilizers, and composting from natural resources and waste. The studies also focused on producing biogas or biomethane from agro-industrial waste for energy production.

This Special Issue contributes to filling knowledge gaps regarding NUS in horticultural and ornamental systems, as well as in landscapes, by collecting original research papers dealing with the relevance of NUS to the following topics: biodiversity and conservation; genetics and breeding; characterization, propagation, and ecophysiology; cultivation techniques and systems; landscape protection and restoration; product and process innovations; biochemistry and composition; and postharvest factors affecting their end-use quality. Related Books Wild Crop Relatives and Associated Biocultural and Traditional Agronomic Practices for Food and Nutritional Security Environmental & Earth Sciences Seed Germination and Micropropagation of Ornamental Plants Biology & Life Sciences Feature Papers in Horticulturae Biology & Life Sciences Trends in Ornamental Plant Production Biology & Life Sciences ... Advancement in Propagation, Breeding, Cultivation and Marketing of Ornamentals Biology & Life Sc

One of the main objectives of this book is to contribute studies that help to identify the global research trends in agronomy, especially if they have an approach related to sustainability. These chapters care recommended to identify the research trends in each scientific field related to agronomy and, if possible, identify the open challenges in that particular field of study Related Books Cropping Systems and Agronomic Management Practices of Field Crops Biology & Life Sciences New Trends in Agri-Food Sector: Environmental, Economic and Social Perspectives Business & Economics Agricultural Innovation and Sustainable Development Biology & Life Sciences ... Molecular Research in Rice: Agronomically Important Traits 2.0 Biology & Life Sciences Agroforestry and Sustainable Agricultural Production Environmental & Earth Sciences The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and Conditi

The published scientific papers highlight the significance of utilizing the antioxidative properties found in various compounds of natural bee products. By exploring a diverse range of bioactive substances present in propolis, honey, pollen, cerumen, and other products, the authors are paving the way for sustainable beekeeping and apitherapeutic practices. Additionally, incorporating natural antioxidants into functional foods presents an innovative and promising opportunity to enhance humans' and animals' health and well-being.

Near-Infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) has become one of the most attractive and used technique for analysis as it allows a fast and simultaneous qualitative and quantitative characterization of a wide variety of food samples. NIR spectroscopy is essential in various other fields, e.g., pharmaceuticals, petrochemical, textiles, cosmetics, medical applications, and chemicals such as polymers. The high level of interest in NIR spectroscopy among scientific and professional sectors demonstrates its relevance. We feel that the Special Issue's scope has facilitated the interchange of ideas and thereby aided in expanding the new development in this field of knowledge. Furthermore, we aimed to provide the readership with a comprehensive summary of present state-of-the-art NIR spectroscopy, current development trends, and future possibilities. We also believe that by doing so, we will be able to provide an accceptable opportunity for all contributors to make their results and methodol

Consumer interest in plant-based diets has been rapidly increasing in the past decade. Non-dairy and non-meat alternatives have gone mainstream. New products are appearing in the marketplace continually. The marketplace has been driven recently by millennials and flexitarians. Food companies have focused on providing nutritious food products that satisfy the demand for alternative items that look and taste like their animal counterparts. The marketplace wants products that improve human and planetary health worldwide.  Questions have arisen as to how nutritionally sound and healthy are these products.  How sustainable are these plant-based diets? How significantly do they alter traditional dietary patterns? What impact do they have on food security? Do these plant-based meat and dairy alternatives help lessen environmental degradation? Are the new products considered ultra-processed foods? What are the barriers and motivations that drive people to switch to a plant-based diet? Will p

The conversion of milk to different dairy products is a technological process that has been in use for hundreds of years. Most dairy products are produced at a commercial scale using traditional methods and therefore, many efforts have been made to introduce novel technologies in their manufacture for improving their quality in general. More specifically, modern processing approaches may be used with the aim to develop new dairy products, to extend their shelf life, to change their textural properties, to ensure their safety or to increase their nutritional and health value. High Hydrostatic Pressure treatment, Ultrasound Processing, Pulse Electric Field treatment and Membrane Processing are some of these novel processes, which may be used in milk, yoghurt and other dairy product processing. Moreover, new dairy ingredients can be produced after enrichment with milk components, while modern analytical methods, such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and X-ray microtomography, are us

Horticultural production is one of the most intensive sectors of agriculture, which develop very dynamically. As yields increase and quality criteria increase, greater emphasis is being placed on the biological balance of ecosystems. Therefore, new environmentally friendly production systems are being developed, in which growing methods and techniques are strongly based on environmental conditions. This involves breeding new cultivars with improved resistance to adverse factors, using crop rotation to limit exposure to pathogens in soil, controlled fertilization and organic mulching, stimulating biological processes in the rhizosphere, and applying biological preparations for plant protection and nutrition to improve product quality. Just like other food products, fruit, vegetables, edible flowers, and other horticultural commodities products offered to consumers should be of good quality and, above all, safe to eat. Each step from field to the table must be subject to procedures that ensure that relevant quality requirements are met. Aside from the growing method, pruning, pollination, protection and fertilization, product quality is affected by environmental conditions, the most notable of which include all macro- and microclimatic elements and soil environment.

This reprint brings together a selection of papers on the role of fisheries and aquaculture in the blue economy, presenting research on the challenges and opportunities for developing fisheries and aquaculture under the sustainable blue economy concept. The results highlight options for developing the blue economy to enable the potential role of fisheries in Africa and Asia and elsewhere to realise benefits of blue economy development including food security and poverty reduction that can be realised through the sustainable development of fishery resources.

This Reprint compiles recent review articles and original research at the forefront of horticultural plant genomics. The past two decades have witnessed transformative progress in the field, fueled by advancements in sequencing technologies and bioinformatics. Moving beyond reference genomes, the field now leverages integrated multi-omics approaches—including pan-genomics, transcriptomics, and non-coding RNA analysis—to decode the complexity of horticultural species. This collection highlights applications in fruit trees, vegetables, ornamental flowers, tea plants, and medicinal herbs, offering novel insights into gene function, regulatory networks, and evolutionary dynamics. By providing comprehensive genomic resources and a mechanistic understanding, the presented works support accelerated molecular breeding and trait improvement, addressing both fundamental questions and practical challenges in horticulture.

This reprint presents a collection of twelve scientific articles that delve into the complex relationship between climate change and food security in various regions of the world. The articles examine the impact of climate change on crop production, water resources, and livestock farming, and they explore potential adaptive measures to mitigate the effects of climate change on food security. The articles cover a wide range of geographic locations, from Southeastern Poland to Central Ethiopia, Algeria, Egypt, South Africa, Afghanistan, and Canada. Each article provides valuable insight into the impact of climate change on food security, including the potential link between drought and wild blueberry production in Maine, the use of geospatial assessments to guide climate adaptation strategies for flood-tolerant rice varieties in India, and the impact of non-conventional agricultural spaces on mitigating the effects of climate change on food security in Quebec, Canada. The authors also

This Special Issue contains 28 papers covering a wide range of topics related to plant genomics and genetics. The papers utilize a variety of genomic tools and techniques to explore topics such as identification of quantitative trait loci associated with flax seed yield and oil quality, mucilage and hull content in flax seeds, and genomic prediction for pasmo resistance in flax. Other papers focus on the identification and characterization of specific genes, such as the EXO70 gene family in wheat and related species, hydroxycinnamoyl transferase in tea plants, and the WRKY transcription factor GmWRKY12 in soybeans. Several papers examine gene expression and regulation in response to abiotic stress, such as drought and salt tolerance in moso bamboo, and the response to chilling in bell peppers. Other topics include genetic diversity analysis of crested wheatgrass, genome-wide analysis of chitin-binding protein gene family in peppers, and genome-wide bioinformatics analysis of MAPK gen

Soil, water, and nitrogen management are critical for crop productivity and quality in horticulture as well as for reducing negative impacts on ecosystems and greenhouse gas emissions. This Special Issue is a collection of seven important research works addressing solutions or strategies that can be implemented in order to use these three factors of production in a more sustainable way and to reduce inorganic nitrogen applications by considering the great importance of circular agriculture and the use of microorganisms. Aside from the relevance of the topics in this Special Issue, the studies included within it may trigger the development of new strategies for more sustainable and environmentally friendly intensive agriculture. Related Books Soil Management for Sustainable Agriculture Biology & Life Sciences ... Sustainable Fertilization Management Consequences to Horticultural Crops Biology & Life Sciences Plant Management and Soil Improvement in Specialty Crop Production Engineeri

This Reprint compiles key research addressing the pervasive challenge of microplastic pollution. Moving beyond detection, the included studies critically examine toxicological effects and exposure pathways from a One Health perspective. The synthesis reveals that microplastics act as carriers for co-pollutants like phthalates and pharmaceuticals, enhancing their bioavailability and toxicity in aquatic and mammalian models. Toxicological impact depends strongly on polymer type, with polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride eliciting distinct biological responses. Fieldwork from regions like the Yangtze River Estuary and Pakistan’s freshwater ecosystems documents environmental distribution and confirms widespread wildlife ingestion. Innovative non-invasive methods, such as analyzing white stork pellets, are highlighted as effective biomonitoring tools. A key focus is human exposure, identifying the mechanical fragmentation of everyday plastics as a significant, overlooked pathway. Studies on wastewater treatment plants show that while microplastics are partially removed, persistent endocrine-disrupting chemicals in effluent remain an ecological concern. By integrating toxicology, environmental monitoring, and risk assessment, this Reprint serves as a comprehensive scientific resource. It provides an essential resource for researchers, policymakers, and students seeking an evidence-based understanding of microplastic impacts on ecosystem stability, animal health, and public health.

In the field of ocean engineering, a thorough understanding of the geotechnical characteristics of marine soils and the engineering characteristics of foundation systems and offshore structures is crucial for guiding design, construction, and maintenance operations. In order to enable colleagues to better understand the current research status in the field of ocean engineering and stimulate their scientific research interests and inspiration, we selected a total of 15 scientific research papers on marine engineering foundation treatment, offshore structure foundations, offshore structure inspection and maintenance, and marine resource exploration and included them in this Special Issue for colleagues to read and refer to.

In today’s rapidly changing environment, where climate change poses significant challenges to food security, biodiversity, and the livelihoods of billions around the globe, the need for sustainable agricultural practices has never been more pressing. As we stand at the intersection of agricultural innovation and environmental stewardship, this textbook is a comprehensive guide to understanding and implementing sustainable practices that foster resilience in the face of climate variability.In recent decades, there has been a paradigm shift towards more sustainable approaches; however, sustainable agriculture is still intensely debated. This textbook explores studies that underpin sustainable agriculture and climate resilience because they are multifaceted subjects requiring transdisciplinary collaboration and a holistic understanding of agrosystems. The purpose is to offer practical insights and evidence-based strategies for farmers, policymakers, students, and researchers alike.As Gu

Light is the main source of energy for the primary process that sustains life on our planet, known as photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the strategy adopted by many living organisms for capturing and incorporating energy, and it is under this context that light is primarily experienced, explored, and exploited. Plants perceive information from the ambient environment and communicate with other organisms using light. They have developed a plethora of photoreceptors that permit this communication with the surrounding environment. Additionally, the physical properties of light, such as the spectral quality, irradiance, intensity, and photoperiod, play an integral role in the morphogenesis, growth, and metabolism of many biochemical pathways in plants.To facilitate photosynthesis in controlled environments, light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) have been shown to offer interesting prospects for use in plant lighting designs in controlled-environment agriculture (greenhouses) and growth chambers f

Fermented foods are consumed all over the world and their consumption shows an increasing trend. They play many roles, from preservation to food security, improved nutrition and social well-being. Different microorganisms are involved in the fermentation process and the diversity of the microbiome is high.Fermented foods are food substrates that are invaded or overgrown by edible microorganisms whose enzymes hydrolyze polysaccharides, proteins and lipids to nontoxic products with flavors, aromas, and textures that are pleasant and attractive to the human consumer. Fermentation plays different roles in food processing, including the development of a wide diversity of flavors, aromas, and textures in food, lactic acid, alcoholic, acetic acid, alkaline and high salt fermentations for food preservation purposes, biological enrichment of food substrates with vitamins, protein, essential amino acids, and essential fatty acids and detoxification during food fermentation processing. Related

It is our pleasure to present this Special Issue of Molecules entitled “Food Processing and Its Impact on Phenolic and other Bioactive Constituents in Food”. Bioactive compounds including phenolic ingredients have long been used as important constituents of a healthy diet. As a result, consumer awareness about the important role of high-quality products rich in bioactive compounds—especially phenolic compounds—in human nutrition, health, and prevention against diseases has increased. Additionally, methods for food processing, regardless of the technology used, have a huge impact on the quality of the final products. Therefore, the big challenges for scientists lie in the monitoring of changes during food processing and the optimization of technology to achieve the minimal degradation of nutrients (including phenolic compounds). Thus, for this Special Issue, I encourage you to read some interesting papers aimed at bringing the latest scientific news, insights, and advances in the fiel

Agricultural productivity should increase to meet the growing food demand. Tillage is defined as the mechanical manipulation of agricultural soil, and it is an extremely vital part of crop production, particularly for seedbed preparation and weed control. Tillage operations are carried out using mechanical force, commonly with a tractor-drawn tool to achieve the cutting, inversion, pulverization, and disturbance of soil. A significant part of the energy (from fossil fuels) used in crop production is expended in tillage. This energy use results in greenhouse gas emissions. It is essential that we reduce energy use (hence, greenhouse gas emissions) to achieve sustainable farming practices and improve crop production and design new tillage tools or optimize the existing tools. Although the design and evaluation of tillage tools are generally carried out using analytical methods and field experiments, with recent technological improvements, computer technology has been used for the desi

In the search for a healthier diet and facing the uncertainties about the consumption of artificial additives, the scientific community has explored in the last years the potential of natural compounds, such as polyphenols, carotenoids, chlorophylls, essential oils, tocopherols, vitamins, polysaccharides, among others, obtained from the most diverse sources, such as plants and fungi, for the replacement of the artificial additives in food, which has made these compounds recognized as “natural additives”. In addition to being considered less harmful to health, and giving a certain functional property to a foodstuff, natural additives can also provide a beneficial synergistic effect in the food matrix. For the consumers, diverse studies have been showed that regular ingestion of bioactive compounds, that can be applied as natural additives, can be helpful for the prevention/treatment of several chronic and aging illnesses, such as cardiovascular diseases and neurological disorders. How

Fisheries worldwide face great challenges including control, restoration, and prevention of the overexploitation of fishery resources; timely assessment of fish stocks to support their sustainable use; understanding the dynamic responses of fish stocks to the effects of climate change; supply–demand relationships of a fluctuating market; fishing regulations to which they are subject; and the contribution to food security in the face of growing increases in the human population. To address these challenges, considering the urgent need for proper fisheries management, it is essential to assess the state of stocks using population parameters such as growth, reproduction, recruitment, natural and fishing mortality, and bioeconomic yield. Understanding the life cycles of exploited resources, the spawning stock biomass, and trends in long catch series, preferably linked to environmental factors, are also relevant issues that can be addressed by applying classical methods of fishery biology, population dynamics, time series analysis, and limited data modeling. In this Special Issue, ten fishery resources around the world are analyzed using both classical and innovative methodological approaches to riverine, coastal, estuarine, and marine environments, thereby providing scientific support for their sustainable management. This geographic diversity underscores the global relevance of the approaches presented and their applicability to different ecological and socioeconomic contexts.