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Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to paralysis, sensory, and autonomic nervous system dysfunctions. However, the pathophysiology of SCI is complex, and not limited to the nervous system. Indeed, several other organs and tissue are also affected by the injury, directly or not, acutely or chronically, which induces numerous health complications. Although a lot of research has been performed to repair motor and sensory functions, SCI-induced health issues are less studied, although they represent a major concern among patients. There is a gap of knowledge in pre-clinical models studying these SCI-induced health complications that limits translational applications in humans. This reprint describes several aspects of the pathophysiology of spinal cord injuries. This includes, but is not limited to, the impact of SCI on cardiovascular and respiratory functions, bladder and bowel function, autonomic dysreflexia, liver pathology, metabolic syndrome, bones and muscles loss, and cognitive functio

This Reprint focuses on the molecular mechanisms in vitro or in vivo in preclinical models as well as patient studies providing insights into new therapeutic concepts to prevent or treat sepsis progression. Seeing as eradication of the focus and intensive care supply are the only treatment regimens for patients suffering from sepsis, it is obvious that new therapies are mandatory. Because the anamneses of sepsis patients are very heterogeneous, characterizing mechanistic details associated with sepsis initiation or progression will help to establish new therapeutic approaches.

This reprint contains a collection of research papers on spectral theory for differential and functional differential operators. Spectral theory plays a fundamental role in mathematics and has applications in various fields of science and engineering, e.g., in quantum and classical mechanics, geophysics, acoustics, and electronics. The collection includes recent studies on a variety of topics such as analytical and numerical methods for solving direct and inverse spectral problems, new developments in the theory of partial differential equations, pseudo-differential equations with fractional derivatives, asymptotical analysis for solutions of differential equations, spectral theory for abstract operators in Hilbert spaces, and inverse nodal problems.

The special issue contains research papers with various topics in many different branches of mathematics, applied mathematics, and mathematical physics.  Each paper presents mathematical theory, methods, and their application based on current and recent developing symmetric polynomials. Also, each one aims to provide the full understanding of current research problems, theories, and applications on the chosen topics and contains the most recent advances made in the area of symmetric functions and polynomials. Related Books Current Trends in Symmetric Polynomials with their Applications Computer Science & Mathematics Orthogonal Polynomials and Special Functions: Recent Trends and Their Applications Computer Science & Mathematics ... Polynomials Computer Science & Mathematics Polynomials: Special Polynomials and Number-Theoretical Applications Computer Science & Mathematics Symmetry in the Mathematical Inequalities Computer Science & Mathematics The recommendations have been generated

In “Theoretical Issues on Systems Science”, we present theoretical issues including theoretical incompleteness, multiplicity, systems as networks and chaos, game theory, and meta-structures. Other less explored research topics include equivalence and tolerance in systems, pending systems, recurrence and self-reflexivity, remote synchronization, and the significance of using complex numbers in system models. The first group of papers addresses theoretical aspects, including 1) the role of noise in complex systems; 2) the potential of general systems theory to serve as a theory of everything; 3) the drawbacks of applying classical axiomatic deductive mathematical approaches to topics such as control evolution by rewriting DNA “instructions”; 4) the near non-existence of purely "theory-free" approaches and the balance between theoretical and empirical contributions; 5) the neglect in reductionism in that systems acquire properties and the assumption that multiple, variable interactions of complexity can be analytically “zipped”; and 6) tree-based methods for statistical learning, for which the author presents a systems theory-based framework to speed up discrete event system stochastic simulations. The second group of papers examines theoretical aspects within specific fields, including 1) human dynamics; 2) human cognition; 3) complex physiological processes; 4) medicine; 5) chemical organization theory; and 6) psychotherapy.

Many advances in the technologies that underpin biosciences have accelerated the potential for the application of novel approaches to the major challenges of human health and wellbeing. It is important that those developing these technologies connect with those looking to apply them to deliver new solutions. This Special Issue of Applied Biosciences includes contributions focused on diverse applications of biological research and technology.

The most important class of polymers is block copolymers (BCPs) since they can be prepared through different methods and exhibit various properties combined with chemically different segments. The importance of block copolymers can be supported by the multitude of related manuscripts published daily, their use in practical applications in almost all areas, and novel discoveries based on BCPs in many aspects of life. This Special Issue focuses on various matters from different areas of block copolymer research, showing advances and applications in self-assembly, crystallization, synthesis, chemical modification, 3D printing, membranes, energy materials, nanotechnology, hybrid materials, micelles, order–disorder transition, and biomaterials. Related Books Block Copolymers with Crystallizable Blocks: Synthesis, Self-Assembly and Applications Chemistry & Materials Science Advanced Polymers for Biomedical Applications Chemistry & Materials Science Advances in Polymeric Materials for Biom

Digital media have become an indispensable element of a growing number of human practices that depend on these platforms to a great extent. In consequence, they have been configured as central infrastructures in our lives, with the ability to shape society and politics. These technologies have changed how contemporary politics are performed. This affects the relationship between journalism and politics, which has always played a central role in democratic societies. It is essential for setting the agenda, defining social frames of problems and issues related to the public interest, promoting public debates, as well as shaping public opinion. The emergence of social media has led to many alterations in the communication environment and is redefining the power distribution between journalism and politics. We are immersed in a time characterized by the introduction of large-scale changes that alter what we have taken for granted. This book examines the processes that transform the relat

In recent decades, white adipose tissue has emerged as far more than a passive energy store and is now recognized as an active endocrine organ with remarkable plasticity. Its functions extend well beyond long-term energy balance, influencing fertility, immune responses, glucose homeostasis, bone remodeling, and cardiovascular regulation. WAT is therefore increasingly viewed as a central integrator of systemic physiology, both shaping and responding to environmental and metabolic cues. This functional versatility relies largely on the dynamic regulation of gene expression, which enables adipose tissue to continuously adjust its structural and metabolic properties in response to internal and external stimuli. Through coordinated transcriptional programs, epigenetic modifications, and post-transcriptional mechanisms, cells modulate pathways governing lipid metabolism, energy utilization, inflammatory responses, and intercellular communication. Such regulatory flexibility allows tissues to maintain homeostasis while rapidly adapting to nutritional changes, hormonal signals, environmental stressors, and pathological conditions. The studies collected in this Special Issue highlight the adaptability of adipose tissue and the key role of gene-expression reprogramming in shaping its functional diversity. Spanning biological models from mammalian systems to the invertebrate Bombyx mori and pathological contexts including obesity, diabetes, cancer, mastitis, and COVID-19.

The "Advance in Molecularly Imprinted Polymers" Special Issue establishes a connection between original research papers and reviews that showcase recent progress in the formulation, creation, and wide-ranging utilization of molecularly imprinted polymers. The content within this Special Issue encompasses a range of subjects pertaining to the chemistry of MIPs, encompassing aspects such as molecular modeling, the utilization of novel monomers and innovative synthesis methods for crafting MIPs, the synthesis and application of ion-imprinted materials, the selective extraction of organic compounds, the preparation of sensors, and the implementation of MIPs in the field of medicine. The compilation of scientific papers presented in this collection demonstrates the diverse landscape of research within MIPs chemistry, ultimately leading to the enhancement of desired traits and the exploration of fresh potential applications for these materials. Related Books Applications of Molecularly Im

Increasing energy efficiency; reducing energy demand, greenhouse gas emissions, and the use of waste; and integrating renewable and recycled heat from low-temperature sources are significant challenges today and are key parts of 4th Generation District Heating (4GDH) concept. On the other hand, currently about one billion people around the world are suffering from water scarcity, and another three billion are approaching this situation. Only 2.5\% of all water on the planet is freshwater, of which around 70\% is not available and only 0.4\% constitutes the most valuable portion of freshwater. Adsorption cooling technology is one of the most effective ways of addressing both these issues. This technology cools and produces potable water from the renewable and wasted heat of the near ambient temperature, including from sewage water, solar heat, and underground resources. This Special Issue Reprint Book provides the detailed information concerning the above-mentioned issues. Related Books

This volume provides information and analyses to better grasp the social implications of geographical borders as well as the individuals who travel between them and those who live in border regions. Sociologists, anthropologists, philosophers, linguists, and scholars of international relations and public health are just some of the authors contributing to Rethinking Borders. The diversity in the authors’ disciplines and the topics they focus on exemplify the intricacies of borders and their manifold effects. This openness to so many schools of thought stands in contrast to the solidification of stricter borders across the globe. The contributions range from case studies of migrants’ sense of belonging and safety to theoretical discussions about migration and globalization, from empirical studies about immigrant practices and exclusionary laws to ethical concerns about the benefits of inclusion. It is timely that this collective work is published in the middle of a pandemic that has af

This Special Issue aims to address the complex challenges associated with invasive alien species and the critical role of risk assessment in managing these threats. The issue underscores the importance of prioritizing limited resources to identify and rank invasive alien species, pathways, and habitats, and it seeks to collect diverse examples of overcoming dilemmas and effectively controlling biological invasions. The articles on risk assessments for biological invasions included in this Special Issue covered a range of disciplines, including data consolidation, field observations, modeling and simulation, procedures and guidelines, and/or geospatial techniques, in the fields of data requirements and quality, risk assessment methods, introduction risk, spread risk, impact analysis, and so on. This Special Issue highlights the importance of interdisciplinary approaches and robust data for the effective management of invasive species. The insights and findings presented in these articles offer valuable guidance for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners working to mitigate the impacts of biological invasions.

Perennial woody plants usually face multifactorial adverse conditions during their long lifespan, which impairs their growth and productivity. To cope with these adverse conditions, trees deploy morphyological, physiological and molecular responses to adapt to the environmental constraints. By using high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatic approaches, many hub genes that are involved in stress response were identified. In recent years, with the advantages of transgenic technology in woody plants, many candidate genes participating in stress responses were functionally characterized and showed great potential for tree improvement under different stresses. On the other hand, cultivation strategies (including beneficial microorganism investigation, beneficial microorganism inoculation, mixed forest and so on) also play crucial roles in tree improvement under abiotic and biotic stress. Related Books Physiological Responses to Abiotic and Biotic Stress in Forest Trees Environmental &

The enteric protozoans Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis are the most common diarrhoea-causing protozoan parasites worldwide. Cryptosporidium spp. is a leading cause of diarrhoea morbidity and mortality in children younger than 5 years of age in poor-resource settings in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Although infection by G. duodenalis is rarely a fatal condition, giardiasis is commonly associated with childhood growth faltering and cognitive impairment. Because of their significant socioeconomic impact, particularly in low-income countries, giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis joined the “Neglected Disease Initiative” launched by the World Health Organization in 2004. Both Cryptosporidium spp. and G. duodenalis are ubiquitous in the environment and can infect a wide range of hosts with different specificities, meaning that humans may acquire the infection via waterborne, foodborne, or zoonotic transmission. Recent advances in detection and molecular epidemiology have indi

This Special Issue aimed to compile original and cutting-edge research works in the fields of plasma process, polymerization, synthesis, characterization, treatment, modification, manufacturing, and applications of functional plasma-processed polymers. Related Books Advances in Plasma Processes for Polymers Biology & Life Sciences Recent Advances in Polymer Processing Engineering Advances in the Processing and Application of Polymer and Its Composites II Chemistry & Materials Science Recent Advances in Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Technology Medicine & Pharmacology ... Plasmas Processes Applied on Metals and Alloys Chemistry & Materials Science The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and Conditions Terms of Use Accessibility Sales: Order and Delivery Indexing and Distribution Further Information: Book Series Reprints Book/Chapter Processing Charges Pay an Invoice Open Acce

This Special Issue “Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Technologies” was in session from 1 May 2019 to 31 May 2020. For this Special issue, we invited articles on current state-of-the-art technologies and solutions in G2V and V2G, including but not limited to the operation and control of gridable vehicles, energy storage and management systems, charging infrastructure and chargers, EV demand and load forecasting, V2G interfaces and applications, V2G and energy reliability and security, environmental impacts, and economic benefits as well as demonstration projects and case studies in the aforementioned areas. Articles that deal with the latest hot topics in V2G are of particular interest, such as V2G and demand-side response control technique, smart charging infrastructure and grid planning, advanced power electronics for V2G systems, adaptation of V2G systems in the smart grid, adaptation of smart cities for a large number of EVs, integration, and the optimization of V2G

The Standard Model of particle physics (SM) was formulated roughly fifty years ago; and with discovery of the Higgs boson at CERN in 2012, it became complete. Yet, despite the SM’s enormous body of successes, it still presents an array of unsolved problems. Primary amongst them is the following question: Can the SM explain the origin of nuclear size masses? This is the puzzle of emergent hadron mass (EHM), whose solution is supposed to lie within quantum chromodynamics (QCD). EHM could provide the unifying explanation for all the SM’s remarkable nonperturbative phenomena, including confinement and absolute stability of the proton, the proton’s mass and radii, the lepton-like scale of the pion mass and its hadron-like radius, and so much more, running up to the character and composition of dense astrophysical objects. As a source of mass, EHM interferes constructively with a range of Higgs boson effects. For instance, such feedback sets the kaon apart from the pion and separates heavy quark systems from those containing only light quarks. Presented with such a plethora of interrelated phenomena, whose implications reach throughout Nature, the World has responded with huge investments of personnel and resources in strong interaction experiment and theory. Reflecting the scope of associated endeavours, this volume collects a diverse range of perspectives on the problem of EHM, its observable manifestations, and the approaches and tools that are today being employed to deliver an insightful understanding and, perhaps, finally, a solution.

This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Advances in Intelligent Vehicle Control that was published in the journal Sensors. It presents a collection of eleven papers that covers a range of topics, such as the development of intelligent control algorithms for active safety systems, smart sensors, and intelligent and efficient driving. The contributions presented in these papers can serve as useful tools for researchers who are interested in new vehicle technology and in the improvement of vehicle control systems. Related Books Intelligent Vehicles Engineering Advanced Sensing and Control for Connected and Automated Vehicles Engineering Integrated Intelligent Vehicle Dynamics and Control Engineering Recent Advance in Intelligent Vehicle Engineering Advanced Sensing and Safety Control for Connected and Automated Vehicles Engineering The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy T

The field of vascular interventional radiology has witnessed remarkable advancements, transforming the landscape of patient care for both vascular and non-vascular pathologies. Through minimally invasive techniques, we can now offer therapeutic alternatives with reduced complications to patients who are not eligible for conventional treatments. With the emergence of personalized therapies tailored to specific pathologies, disease stages, and patient characteristics, we find ourselves at the forefront of a new era in medicine where treatments are uniquely tailored to each individual. This Special Issue of the Journal of Personalized Medicine features a comprehensive collection of 16 articles, primarily focusing on embolization, a major theme in vascular interventional radiology. Embolization techniques have revolutionized the field, providing effective treatment options for various conditions. Within this issue, we delve into various aspects of embolization, including the embolization of the prostatic artery, splenic trauma, polycystic liver disease, soft tissue hematomas, pulmonary arteriovenous malformation, gastrointestinal bleeding, and even emerging themes such as musculoskeletal embolization. These articles showcase the breadth and depth of research in the field, offering insights into the latest advancements and personalized approaches in embolization therapies.

We cannot analyze endemic mycoses as we did just a few years ago. These fungal diseases have acquired much larger importance, and many have disseminated to novel areas of the globe. Immunosuppression has put additional patients at risk. Moreover, diagnosis has now been improved via antigen detection and/or molecular techniques, and innovations in treatment have also occurred. This reprint deals specifically with recent advances in the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of endemic mycoses.

This Special Issue of Religions focuses on the epistemology of religious experience. The overall driving question is the question as to what evidential force religious experiences have. This discussion involves several subtopics, including the following: (1) In what ways is religious experience like other kinds of experience? (2) To what extent does religious experience influence religious doctrine, and to what extent is it influenced by it? (3) What are the implications of religious diversity/disagreement for claims of religious experience? (4) How, if in any way, has the cognitive science of religion shed light on these issues? This issue approaches these questions from a variety of religious traditions, with input from a variety of academic disciplines. The result is a collection of high-quality papers that can inform further research in a variety of academic fields. Related Books Religious Experience in the Hindu Tradition Social Sciences, Arts & Humanities Epistemic Issues in N

Plants have been the sources of important pharmaceuticals, flavoring agents, and agrochemicals. The antimalarial drugs artemisinin and quinine; the anticancer drugs taxol, etoposide, and vinca alkaloids; the sugar-free sweetening agents stevioside and rebaudiosides; and antifeedant azadiractin are good examples of important plant-based drugs, food additives, and agrochemicals currently on the market. Despite these and many other successes, there are significant challenges to discovering and developing commercially important natural products from plants, such as procuring plant materials in large quantities, separating active constituents from complex mixtures, and undesirable qualities, such as low solubility or poor chemical or metabolic stability of active constituents.  Dr. James D. McChesney has contributed immensely to overcoming the inherent challenges associated with discovering and developing products modeled from plant-based natural product leads. His research on artemisinin

The Special Issue on Recent Advances in Nanomagnetism is a compilation of articles, addressing various aspects of magnetic properties and behaviour in low dimensional magnetic materials. One contribution addresses the novel magnetic properties in a nanohybrid of iron oxide and carbide nanoparticles grown in diamond. Magnetic textures, such as skyrmion structures, form an important area of research in nanomagnetism, this forms the topic of another contribution. Several aspects of magnetisation dynamics are addressed in other contributions and relate to the developments of microresonators and microantennas applied to the study of magnetic nanostructures; the ferromagnetic resonance behaviour in nanodot systems are also considered. Materials development forms an important area of study in nanomagnetism, and, as such, the preparation conditions, such as annealing under an applied field, can have important effects on the magnetic properties of thin films and low dimensional structures. Su