Perpustakaan Digital

Antiferromagnetic spintronics is an emerging topic in spintronics that is attracting interest due to its wide range of advantages, including terahertz operation, memory without stray fields, and highly efficient spin generation. The discussion of this topic covers aspects ranging from the development of new antiferromagnetic materials to the applications of these materials in devices. Traditionally, antiferromagnets were treated as less common magnetic materials for fundamental studies and applications. However, recent miniaturisation and high-frequency operation have revealed that they are advantageous over conventional ferromagnets. This Special Issue reviews the current status and future perspectives of antiferromagnetic spintronics. Related Books Recent Advances in Novel Materials for Future Spintronics Chemistry & Materials Science Magnetic and Spin Devices Physical Sciences Magnetic and Spin Devices, Volume II Engineering Recent Advances in Nanomagnetism Computer Science & Mat

In the past decade, the rapid increase in the production of fossil energy has been made possible by effective reservoir stimulation and enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technologies for unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. As one of the most important reservoir stimulation technologies, hydraulic fracturing  aims to increase the contact area between the target formation and production well. Such stimulation technologies usually involve complex fluid–solid coupling processes, including fracture initiation, fracture propagation, and fracture conductivity, etc. Enhanced oil recovery has been used to solve the problem of oil rate declining sharply after a period of production. In this process, some special chemicals will be injected into the reservoir to increase the recovery effectiveness of the residual oil. EOR processes often involve complex physical–chemical processes, including liquid emulsification, water–rock reactions, etc. Therefore, the progress of reservoir stimulation and EOR t

This Special Issue on "New Advances in Lens Biology and Pathology" highlights major recent developments and discoveries from leading international experts in the field. Due to its well-defined structure and clear cellular and developmental processes, the eye lens serves as an exceptional cross-species model for investigating the structural and molecular mechanisms that regulate both normal and aberrant cellular behavior. Through this collection, we aim to share insights derived from this model with a broader scientific community, demonstrating the significant value and unique advantages of lens research.

In the field of Analytical Chemistry and, in particular, whenever a quali-quantitative analysis is required, until a few years ago, reference was made exclusively to instrumental methods (more or less hyphenated) which, once validated, were able to provide the answers to the questions present, even if only in a limited way to analytical targets. Nowadays, the landscape has become considerably complicated (natural adulterants, assessment of geographical origin, sophistication, need for non-destructive analysis, search for often unknown compounds), and new procedures for processing data have greatly increased the potential of analyses that are conducted (even routinely) in the laboratory. In this scenario, chemometrics is master, able to manage and process a huge amount of information based both on data relating only to the analytes of interest, but also by applying “general” procedures to process raw untargeted analysis data. It is within this strand of analysis that many of the works

Today's world is witnessing a growing concern for the environment as a result of global warming, energy crises, and waste generation. The growing demand for products with a low environmental impact has led to a greater focus on sustainable and renewable materials by the scientific community. In this scenario, cellulose is one of the most prominent candidates for use in different fields of applications in a sustainable manner, due to its abundant availability from various sources. In particular, nanocellulose presents outstanding characteristics, such as renewability, a high aspect ratio, good mechanical properties, excellent biocompatibility, hydrogen-bonding capacity, reinforcing potential, and degradability. This Reprint reports recent achievements in the advanced preparation and emerging applications of cellulose-based materials. In particular, topics of interest include, but are not limited to, water purification, energy storage, and healthcare applications.

Enzymes are indispensable biological catalysts that enhance the efficiency and sustainability of modern bioprocesses. This Reprint, titled “The Characterization and Application of Enzymes in Bioprocesses”, presents a diverse collection of original research and review articles that highlight recent advances in enzymology, protein engineering and biotechnology. The articles explore a variety of enzymatic systems, such as polyphosphate kinases for ATP regeneration, cellulases for biomass conversion, and specialized enzymes for biodegrading recalcitrant plastic waste. Contributors to this Special Issue utilize multidisciplinary approaches, combining biochemistry, structural biology and computational modeling to enhance enzyme stability, specificity and catalytic activity. Key studies address critical industrial challenges, such as maintaining activity under extreme pH and temperature conditions and optimizing fermentation parameters to improve scalability and yield. From engineering biocatalysts for the food and wine industries to characterizing organelle-specific enzymes in plants, this Reprint provides significant insights into how tailored enzymes are transforming the pharmaceutical, agricultural and environmental sectors. By bridging the gap between fundamental molecular characterization and practical industrial application, this collection is a valuable resource for understanding and harnessing the full potential of enzymes in a bio-based economy.

Wind power took on a leading role as the primary power source during the expected realization of carbon neutrality. Currently, large horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWTs) have become mainstream, progressing toward further increasing their size, which is not easy. For floating offshore wind turbines, vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs), in which the tilt of the axis of rotation is not an issue, could be superior to HAWTs. There has also been a possibility to increase the output power of small VAWTs via proximity arrangement, which could lead to small VAWT wind farms utilizing land more effectively. Furthermore, owing to the inherent characteristics of VAWTs, i.e., no wind direction dependence resulting in a simple structure, low-cost wind power generation equipment can be developed, regardless of the size and application of the VAWT. As we move toward a carbon-free society, it is important to investigate various possibilities of VAWTs. Therefore, this Special Issue collected original

This Special Issue book contains selected papers from works presented at the 10th EASN (European Aeronautics Science Network) International Conference on Innovation in Aviation & Space, which was held from the 2nd until the 4th of September, 2020. About 350 remote participants contributed to a high-level scientific gathering providing some of the latest research results on the topic, as well as some of the latest relevant technological advancements. Eleven interesting articles, which cover a wide range of topics including characterization, analysis and design, as well as numerical simulation, are contained in this Special Issue. Related Books 11th EASN International Conference on Innovation in Aviation & Space to the Satisfaction of the European Citizens Engineering 9th EASN International Conference on Innovation in Aviation & Space Engineering 12th EASN International Conference on Innovation in Aviation & Space for Opening New Horizons Engineering 8th EASN-CEAS Workshop on Manufact

Electromembrane processes offer a multitude of applications, allowing for the recovery of water, other products, and energy. This book is a collection of contributions on recent advancements in electromembrane processes attained via experiments and/or models. The first paper is a comprehensive review article on the applications of electrodialysis for wastewater treatment, highlighting current status, technical challenges, and key points for future perspectives. The second paper focuses on ZSM-5 zeolite/PVA mixed matrix CEMs with high monovalent permselectivity for recovering either acid or Li+. The third paper regards direct numerical simulations of electroconvection in an electrodialysis dilute channel with forced flow under potentiodynamic and galvanodynamic regimes. The fourth paper investigates the reasons for the formation and properties of soliton-like charge waves in overlimiting conditions. The fifth paper focuses on the characterization of AEMs functionalized by surface modif

This volume is a reprint of the Honorary Special Issue dedicated to the 60th birthday of Professor Dr. Kalyanmoy Deb, published in the journal Mathematical and Computational Applications (MCA). Kalyanmoy Deb has been a pioneer and highly impactful and influential proponent of Evolutionary Multi-objective Optimization (EMO) since 1994. He is currently a Koenig Endowed Chair Professor and University Distinguished Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Michigan State University, USA, and holds additional appointments in Mechanical Engineering and in Computer Science and Engineering. Professor Deb’s research interests are in evolutionary optimization and its application in multi-objective optimization, modeling, machine learning, and in multi-objective decision making. He has been a visiting professor at various universities across the world, including IITs in India, Aalto University in Finland, the University of Skovde in Sweden, and Nanyang Technological

Most real-world search and optimization problems naturally involve multiple criteria as objectives. Generally, symmetry, asymmetry, and anti-symmetry are basic characteristics of binary relationships used when modeling optimization problems. Moreover, the notion of symmetry has appeared in many articles about uncertainty theories that are employed in multi-criteria problems. Different solutions may produce trade-offs (conflicting scenarios) among different objectives. A better solution with respect to one objective may compromise other objectives. There are various factors that need to be considered to address the problems in multidisciplinary research, which is critical for the overall sustainability of human development and activity. In this regard, in recent decades, decision-making theory has been the subject of intense research activities due to its wide applications in different areas. The decision-making theory approach has become an important means to provide real-time solutio

This Special Issue will deal with pathophysiological as well as the phenomenological signs of insomnia. For example, Is ‘hyperarousal’ outdated? What is the difference between acute and chronic insomnia? What sleep disorders are linked to traumatic brain injuries? How is social facial recognition impacted by insomnia? What factors are linked to socioeconomic factors and alcohol consumption in the face of insomnia? We aim to set forward new thinking about insomnia research, including unchartered territories needing to be explored. Reviews, meta-analyses, and new experimental research are welcome in this Issue. Related Books Effect of Long-Term Insomnia on Mental Health Medicine & Pharmacology Sleep Disorders Management in Primary Care Medicine & Pharmacology Predicting Psychopathological Onset: Early Signs of Neuropsychiatric Diseases Medicine & Pharmacology Updates in Pediatric Sleep and Child Psychiatry Public Health & Healthcare ... Future Challenges for the Diagnosis and Manageme

Society needs better and more effective compounds in medicine, agriculture and livestock farming than the ones currently available for the treatment of diseases that affect people, cattle, poultry, farm plants and pets. Additionally, compounds are also involved in the production of food and beverages through fermentations, and these processes are being studied for a better understanding. To find these compounds with biological activity, basic and interdisciplinary research needs to be performed. The usual routes to obtain novel compounds are the direct synthesis at a chemical laboratory or the isolation from plant extracts. In accordance with this, we have gathered ten publications in this Special Issue. Out of these publications, seven are research papers that report the procurement of novel organic compounds. On the one hand, three describe the synthesis of compounds with biological activity towards cancer and tuberculosis. On the other hand, four contributions study the biological activity of plant extracts against cancer and bacteria, chemical stress, parasites and Alzheimer. To complete the collection, one review describes the anti-inflammatory properties of triterpenes and triterpenoids, and a second review studies how chemical compounds are responsible for the aroma of Camembert cheese. Finally, an editorial summarizes the nine publications that conform to this Special Issue. Before ending, we would like to thank all the authors and reviewers that have contributed to this Special Issue for their excellent work and for making possible this nice and stimulating compilation of scientific research.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex, multifaceted autoimmune disease characterized by vascular abnormalities, immune system dysregulation, and progressive fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. Despite significant strides in understanding the pathogenesis of SSc, it remains a challenging condition to diagnose and manage due to its heterogeneity and its variability in clinical manifestations. We are pleased to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge, treatment, and future perspectives of therapeutic approaches in this Special Issue.

Visible light communication (VLC) using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) or laser diodes (LDs) has been envisioned as one of the key enabling technologies for 6G and Internet of Things (IoT) systems, owing to its appealing advantages, including abundant and unregulated spectrum resources, no electromagnetic interference (EMI) radiation and high security. However, despite its many advantages, VLC faces several technical challenges, such as the limited bandwidth and severe nonlinearity of opto-electronic devices, link blockage and user mobility. Therefore, significant efforts are needed from the global VLC community to develop VLC technology further. This Special Issue, “Visible Light Communication (VLC)”, provides an opportunity for global researchers to share their new ideas and cutting-edge techniques to address the above-mentioned challenges. The 16 papers published in this Special Issue represent the fascinating progress of VLC in various contexts, including general indoor and underwa

In recent years, microfluidic devices with a large surface-to-volume ratio have witnessed rapid development, allowing them to be successfully utilized in many engineering applications. A smart control process has been proposed for many years, while many new innovations and enabling technologies have been developed for smart flow control, especially concerning “smart flow control” at the microscale. This Special Issue aims to highlight the current research trends related to this topic, presenting a collection of 33 papers from leading scholars in this field. Among these include studies and demonstrations of flow characteristics in pumps or valves as well as dynamic performance in roiling mill systems or jet systems to the optimal design of special components in smart control systems. Related Books Smart Flow Control Processes in Micro Scale Engineering Multiphase Flows in Microfluidics: Fundamentals and Applications Computer Science & Mathematics ... Active Flow Control: Recent Advan

In recent years, microfluidic devices with a large surface-to-volume ratio have witnessed rapid development, allowing them to be successfully utilized in many engineering applications. A smart control process has been proposed for many years, while many new innovations and enabling technologies have been developed for smart flow control, especially concerning “smart flow control” at the microscale. This Special Issue aims to highlight the current research trends related to this topic, presenting a collection of 33 papers from leading scholars in this field. Among these include studies and demonstrations of flow characteristics in pumps or valves as well as dynamic performance in roiling mill systems or jet systems to the optimal design of special components in smart control systems. Related Books Smart Flow Control Processes in Micro Scale Engineering Multiphase Flows in Microfluidics: Fundamentals and Applications Computer Science & Mathematics ... Active Flow Control: Recent Advan

This Reprint gathers recent progress and perspectives in the field of functional coatings, reflecting the growing importance of surface engineering in modern materials science. As technological applications increasingly require components with properties that extend from bulk to tailored surface functionalities, coatings provide a vital means to enhance performance, durability, and adaptability in demanding environments. The contributions collected here span theoretical analyses, numerical modeling, and experimental investigations, offering a comprehensive overview of how coatings can be designed, optimized, and characterized. The articles address key advances in coating technologies, novel application strategies, and the integration of advanced analytical tools in production. They also highlight innovative materials solutions, from protective to multifunctional coatings, that are capable of meeting the challenges posed by complex service conditions. Together, these studies provide valuable insights into current trends and emerging directions in functional coatings, underlining their critical role in enabling sustainable and high-performance engineering applications.

This Special Issue, titled “Cardiac Arrhythmia: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies” is a collection of papers on cardiac arrhythmia. It covers everything from the mechanisms of atrial and ventricular arrhythmia to information on up-and-coming treatments.

This book was established after the 8th International Workshop on Numerical and Evolutionary Optimization (NEO), representing a collection of papers on the intersection of the two research areas covered at this workshop: numerical optimization and evolutionary search techniques. While focusing on the design of fast and reliable methods lying across these two paradigms, the resulting techniques are strongly applicable to a broad class of real-world problems, such as pattern recognition, routing, energy, lines of production, prediction, and modeling, among others. This volume is intended to serve as a useful reference for mathematicians, engineers, and computer scientists to explore current issues and solutions emerging from these mathematical and computational methods and their applications. Related Books Numerical and Evolutionary Optimization Engineering Numerical and Evolutionary Optimization 2021 Computer Science & Mathematics ... Numerical and Evolutionary Optimization 2024 Biol

This Special Issue contains eight original papers with a high impact in various domains of set-valued analysis. Set-valued analysis has made remarkable progress in the last 70 years, enriching itself continuously with new concepts, important results, and special applications. Different problems arising in the theory of control, economics, game theory, decision making, nonlinear programming, biomathematics, and statistics have strengthened the theoretical base and the specific techniques of set-valued analysis. The consistency of its theoretical approach and the multitude of its applications have transformed set-valued analysis into a reference field of modern mathematics, which attracts an impressive number of researchers.  Related Books Mathematical Analysis and Applications II Computer Science & Mathematics Mathematical Analysis and Applications Physical Sciences Mathematics and Its Applications in Science and Engineering Engineering Fuzzy Sets in Business Management, Finance, and

This reprint focuses on field studies aimed at unraveling the complex networks created by interactions between parasites and hosts in a given ecosystem. Since most transboundary diseases have been propagated from the wilderness to anthropized areas, societies are increasingly concerned about the relevance of wildlife as it pertains to global health. In this respect, research on parasites that may affect the biology and population equilibrium of wildlife is of major interest, especially when a One Health perspective is considered. The studies compiled in the present Special Issue fall within several areas of interest, such as epidemiology, diagnosis, emerging zoonoses, food safety, conservation issues, parasite–host interactions, and the pathology of infections caused by parasites in wild host species. Related Books Zoonoses and Wildlife: One Health Approach Biology & Life Sciences Parasites and Parasitic Diseases in Small Animals Biology & Life Sciences Parasitic Zoonoses Biology &

This work covers all aspects related to the obtainment, production, design, and processing of biopolymers obtained from natural resources. Moreover, it studies characteristics related to the improvement of their performance to increase their potential application at an industrial level, in line with the concept of a global circular economy. Thus, this work firstly classifies biopolymers obtained from natural resources (e.g., biobased building blocks and biopolymers extracted directly from plants and biomass), and then summarizes several cutting-edge research works focused on enhancing the performance of biopolymers from natural resources to extend their application in the industrial sector, and contribute to the transition to more sustainable plastics. Related Books Natural Polymers and Biopolymers II Chemistry & Materials Science Synthesis and Applications of Biopolymer Composites Chemistry & Materials Science Development and Application of Bio-Based Polymers Chemistry & Materials

This book is a collation of articles published in the Special Issue "CESE-2019: Applications of Membranes" in the journal Sustainability. It contains a wide variety of topics such as the removal of trace organic contaminants using combined direct contact membrane distillation–UV photolysis; evaluating the feasibility of forward osmosis in diluting reverse osmosis concentrate;  tailoring the effects of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in the separation and antifouling performance of thin-film composite polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane; enhancing the antibacterial properties of PVDF membrane by surface modification using TiO2 and silver nanoparticles; and reviews on membrane fouling in membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems and recent advances in the prediction of fouling in MBRs. The book is suitable for postgraduate students and researchers working in the field of membrane applications for treating aqueous solutions. Related Books Preparation and Application of