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The evaluation of vascular stiffness is becoming increasingly important in cardiovascular research to determine the properties of the arterial tree and clinically assesspatients. Current research addresses and debates some unresolved technical and methodological issues with measuring arterial stiffness, with the purpose of making it more reliable and clinically suitable. This Special Issue focuses on new methodological advances in vascular stiffness, as well as preclinical and clinical applications. A privileged space is reserved for new data and targeted reviews of the application of arterial stiffness and early vascular ageing measures regarding problems  such as the stratification of risk of special populations and specific diseases. Related Books Advances in Vascular Stiffness: Part II Medicine & Pharmacology Grand Challenges in the Diagnosis and Management of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases Biology & Life Sciences ... Cardiovascular Diseases: From Basic Research to

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) are a common cause of infections in both community and healthcare settings and have become an increasing threat to public health worldwide. The focus of this Special Issue includes aspects concerning plasmid-mediated antimicrobial resistance along with other carbapenem resistance mechanisms. Understanding the prevalence and routes of transmission of CRE is important in developing specific interventions for healthcare facilities, as well as the general impact of CRE circulation on the environment. Attention has also been focused on carbapenemase testing in order to provide advanced phenotypic and molecular assays for the identification of CRE, as a valid tool for active global surveillance, and from this perspective, the study of resistance mechanisms can provide significant support for the development of new and appropriate antimicrobial molecules. For all of these reasons, the phenomenon of carbapenem resistance deserves more attention, fo

There is an increasing need for scholars and scientists to not only conduct research that has a significant impact on society but also to communicate that research widely. Such research outreach also contributes to engaging wide, diverse audiences. As such, the discursive practices have become more and more complex, multimodal, and multimedia-based for scholars and scientists. Scientific communication is currently shared to a great extent with peers in technology-mediated contexts, which allows formal scientific publications to be opened to public viewing. Alongside this so-called “primary output” (Puschmann 2015), new ways, modes, and discourses are being used to bring science closer to a lay audience and promote citizen participation. The affordances of existing and emergent platforms are fostering a change in audience roles, and with it, the erosion of boundaries between scientific communities and the general public, entailing the dissemination of scientific information and knowl

The aim of this Special Issue is to provide an overview of cycloaddition reactions at the start of the twenty-first century. Almost a century after the discovery of the Diels–Alder cycloaddition, this kind of pericyclic process continues to be a very efficient tool in synthetic organic chemistry and shows significant and widespread applications in different chemistry areas, from traditional organic synthesis to medicinal chemistry, materials chemistry, and so on. These reactions are beneficial to chemists because they provide valuable cyclic compounds often in a simple manner and with high and predictable regio- and stereochemistry in addition to high atom economy. These appealing features make cycloadditions privileged processes in organic synthesis. This Special Issue in Reactions aims to collect recent results concerning the applications of [4+2] cycloadditions, namely Diels–Alder, Hetero Diels–Alder, and 1,3-Dipolar cycloadditions, as well as [2+2] processes. The use of more efficient, green and sustainable experimental conditions is strongly pursued to improve both the environmental aspects and the synthesis of carbo- and heterocycles with noteworthy applications in natural, pharmacological, biological, and materials domains.

When I taking pictures of beautiful sceneries, I gradually know that remote sensing is a complex system. The radiation signal received by the sensor is surface-atmosphere coupled, including the signal of path radiance, surface reflection, and surface-atmosphere interaction, a phenomenon which impedes quantitative information acquisition from both a surface and atmosphere aspect. This reprint collects a series of representative studies in the research field of aerosol and atmospheric correction, mainly focus on the improvement of aerosol identification and retrieval method; atmospheric aerosol formation, transfer, and spatio-temporal variation; and the effect of aerosol on the atmospheric correction and quantitative remote sensing. These advancements help to continuously improve our understanding of atmospheric aerosol and the accuracy of quantitative remote sensing research.

The book documents 25 papers collected from the Special Issue “Advances in Condition Monitoring, Optimization and Control for Complex Industrial Processes”, highlighting recent research trends in complex industrial processes. The book aims to stimulate the research field and be of benefit to readers from both academic institutes and industrial sectors. Related Books Modelling, Monitoring, Control and Optimization for Complex Industrial Processes Engineering Industrial Process Operation State Sensing and Performance Optimization Engineering Advanced Process Monitoring for Industry 4.0 Engineering Data-Driven Intelligent Modeling and Optimization Algorithms for Industrial Processes Engineering Application of Artificial Intelligence in Industrial Process Modelling and Optimization (2nd Edition) Engineering The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and Conditions Terms of Use Acces

This Special Issue contains a massive collection of 76 peer-reviewed papers, highlighting the transition of the cosmetic industry towards new areas of research including green technology, new delivery systems, and development of new models for assessing efficacy and safety.

In this Special Issue, we address the state of the art of the systematics of the main annelid groups and the improvements in the diversity they hold, with special emphasis on the latest discoveries in well-studied areas, expeditions to unsurveyed areas or environments, or the use of novel techniques that allow for the improvement of biodiversity knowledge. We are hoping that this Special Issue will provide a platform facilitating a review of current knowledge on the subject, identifying current research problems, as well as indicating directions and research trends for the future. Related Books Salamanders: Distribution, Diversity, and Conservation Biology & Life Sciences Advances in Plant Taxonomy and Systematics Biology & Life Sciences Diversity, Biogeography and Community Ecology of Ants II Biology & Life Sciences Systematics and Phylogeny of Weevils Biology & Life Sciences Systematics and Phylogeny of Weevils Biology & Life Sciences The recommendations have been generated using a

This Special Issue contains a massive collection of 76 peer-reviewed papers, highlighting the transition of the cosmetic industry towards new areas of research including green technology, new delivery systems, and development of new models for assessing efficacy and safety.

This Special Issue presents the latest advances in the design, processing, and performance evaluation of Ni-based superalloys. The presented articles highlight key aspects such as microstructural evolution, high-temperature tensile behavior, low-cycle fatigue, and the effects of alloying and processing on mechanical properties. Covering both single-crystal and directionally solidified superalloys, the contributions provide insights into γ/γ′ phase interactions, deformation mechanisms, and phase stability. This compilation can serve as a valuable reference for researchers and engineers working on high-performance alloys for turbine, aerospace, and power-generation applications.

The assessment of vascular stiffness is gaining significance in cardiovascular research due to the need to analyze the properties of the arterial system and perform clinical evaluations of patients. Ongoing research seeks to resolve technical and methodological challenges in measuring arterial stiffness, aiming to enhance its reliability and clinical relevance. This second edition highlights recent advancements in the methodologies employed to assess vascular stiffness, along with both preclinical and clinical applications. It features new data and in-depth reviews on the use of arterial stiffness and early vascular aging measures, particularly in addressing issues such as risk stratification in special populations and specific diseases. Recent technical innovations in the field also occupy a special place in this reprint, making it a vehicle for disseminating important advancements in the field of vascular stiffness.

This Special Issue is a compilation of review articles that highlight the latest research findings and advancements in the field of personalized medicine. This series provides a comprehensive overview of topics including, but not limited to, diagnostic techniques, therapeutic interventions, and emerging trends in biomarkers. By featuring expert reviews, this Special Issue offers valuable insights and critical analyses of the current state of research in personalized medicine. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and Conditions Terms of Use Accessibility Sales: Order and Delivery Indexing and Distribution Further Information: Book Series Reprints Book/Chapter Processing Charges Pay an Invoice Open Access Policy Obtaining an ISBN For Librarians MDPI Initiatives: MDPI Journals Scilit Sciforum Proceedings Series Preprints.org SciProfiles Encyclopedia JAMS Follow Us: Facebook LinkedIn Twitter / X Sign Up for our MDPI Books Newslet

The present Special Issue (SI), entitled “Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Nonlinear Photonics”, aims to highlight the current state of the art, some recent advances, and perspectives for further development. Fundamental and applicative aspects have been considered, with special attention given to the hot topics that could lead to technological and scientific breakthroughs. Contributions were solicited from both leading researchers and emerging investigators. As a result, this SI contains two reviews and nine research articles, which can be divided into three groups. The first group of papers highlights new physical effects, regarding nonclassical states of light, shaping the noise statistics of quantum states of light, anomalous diffusion in disordered photonic systems and the modulation of chirped Gaussian soliton molecules in extra-cavity optical fiber modulation systems. The second group is devoted to the current issue of identifying efficient device integration platfo

Hepatitis E virus (HEV), the causative agent of hepatitis E, is the leading cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide and has emerged as a global public health concern in recent years. The first diagnosis of chronic hepatitis E in transplant recipients in 2008 profoundly changed our understanding of this pathogen. HEV belongs to the family Hepeviridae and subfamily Orthohepevirinae, which can proliferate in an ever-increasing range of susceptible hosts, including humans, pigs, wild boars, deer, rats, bats, birds, and others. Although considerable progress has been made in our understanding of HEV, many gaps in our knowledge remain. This Special Issue Reprint provides a comprehensive and multidisciplinary overview of HEV across human, animal, and experimental settings. The collected papers address the epidemiology, clinical impact, and risk factors of HEV infection in diverse populations, including people living with HIV, solid organ transplant recipients, and the general population in both endemic and non-endemic regions. In several studies, the authors highlight zoonotic reservoirs by documenting HEV circulation in wild boars, ungulates, and bats, emphasizing the ecological complexity and evolutionary diversity of the virus. Through experimental investigations, researchers explore genotype- and strain-specific viral replication in animal models, in addition to the production of virus-like particles to advance virological and immunological research. Finally, a fatal clinical case underscores the severe outcomes of HEV genotype 3 infection, reinforcing its public health relevance.

In a number of European countries (e.g., Spain, Italy, France, Portugal, Slovenia, Croatia, Poland), a portion of the pig sector is aimed at the production of traditional and certified products (e.g., PDO—Protected Designation of Origin, PGI—Protected Geographical Indication). Dry-cured ham is probably the most famous traditional pork product; however, typical pork products are produced in (and exported to) many countries worldwide. The meat used for producing these high-quality delicacies needs to be suitable for seasoning and dry-curing, and these characteristics are the result of complex interactions between the animal (breed, genotype, rearing condition, feeding regime, age and weight at slaughter, etc.) and the environment, without disregarding the importance of ethical attributes such as animal welfare and the environmental impact.This Special Issue focuses on all the innovative production strategies for pigs intended for high-quality, typical productions (in term of higher sust

This reprint focuses on recent developments in laser measurement technologies and innovative applications. Laser-based measurement and sensing technologies have attracted growing attention due to their advantages of high sensitivity and fast responses. Their applications include industrial production, substance analysis, environmental monitoring, and more. In recent years, with the development of laser source and measurement approaches, many new technologies or applications of laser measurement and sensing have appeared. The topics of this reprint include laser measurement and sensing, micro- and nano-photoelectric measurement, the simultaneous measurement of multiple parameters, structured light measurement, and so on. Related Books Photoelectric Measurement and Sensing Engineering Laser as a Detection Engineering ... Photonic Technology for Precision Metrology Engineering State-of-the-art Laser Gas Sensing Technologies Engineering Optical Sensors Technology and Applications Biolog

The science of human genetics has advanced at an exponential pace since the double-helix structure of DNA was identified in 1953. Within only 25 years of that discovery, the first gene was sequenced. Subsequent efforts in the span of a few decades have brought advanced next-generation sequencing and new tools for genome editing, allowing scientists to write and rewrite the code of life. Importantly, with such rapid and sophisticated advancements, any tools or studies applicable to adult genetics can now also be applied to embryos. The first live births following preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) to identify sex in X-linked disease were reported by Alan Handyside in 1990. This groundbreaking work paved the way to extend the concept to PGT for monogenic diseases (PGT-M), including Mendelian single-gene defects, severe childhood lethality or early-onset disease, cancer predisposition, and HLA typing for histocompatible cord-blood stem cells’ transplantation. Later, we moved onto the

This Reprint explores teachers' lives through narrative methodology, with the aim of fostering an enhanced appreciation for teaching. Leading experts show how different narrative methods including autobiography, oral history, interviews, photography, reflective writing, social media posts, and surveys can reveal a fuller picture of the reality of being an educator. These narratives reveal both the challenges teachers face and the meaningful connections they build with students, parents, and colleagues. Through these accounts, we see how teachers handle constant changes in education while staying resilient, creative, and committed to their work. By sharing teachers’ lived experiences, this work highlights education's wide-reaching effects: how teachers transform individual students, strengthen communities, and play a crucial role in building our future. The collection presents an inspiring picture of educators that may encourage others to embrace and sustain the teaching profession.

The present reprint contains all of the articles accepted and published in the Special Issue titled “Limit Theorems of Probability Theory”. The papers included in this Special Issue present new directions and advances for limit theorems in probability theory and its applications. The list of topics is extensive, and it includes classical models of sums of both independent and various types of dependent random variables; probabilities of large deviations; functional limit theorems and limit theorems for random processes, in high-dimensional spaces, for spectra of random matrices, and for random graphs, etc. We strongly believe that the selected topics and results will be attractive to and useful for the international scientific community, as well as contribute to further research into the subject of limit theorems in probability theory. Related Books New Trends in Stochastic Processes, Probability and Statistics Computer Science & Mathematics Probability Theory and Stochastic Modelin

This reprint features contributions from the conference DHA41. Dyes in History and Archaeology (DHA) is an annual international conference that focuses on the academic discussion of dyes and organic pigments which have been used in the past. Every year since 1982, this meeting has drawn together conservators; curators; (technical) art historians; craftspeople; artists; independent scholars; and scientists and academics from museums, universities, research centers, and other public or private institutions. Their common interest is to delve deeply into the history, production, application, and properties of organic colorants, as well as their analytical characterization and identification, often in textile objects, but also in other substrates as well as painted surfaces. In the autumn of 2022, the 41st DHA conference was hosted by the Swedish National Heritage Board in Visby. The abstracts are published on the DiVA portal (Digitala Vetenskapliga Arkivet), and many of the presented pos

Suicide is the second leading cause of death in 15–29-year-olds and, in many countries, the leading cause of death among young males and one of the leading causes among females. The burden of disease that is attributable to suicide is substantial. The impact of years of life lost on national economies is immense, and the impact of suicide on families and communities is profound and long-lasting. Almost 80\% of suicides occur in low- and middle-income countries with limited resources for suicide prevention. Reducing the suicide rate is the only quantitative mental health-related target in the Sustainable Development Agenda. The papers that have been included in this Reprint were published in the IJERPH Special Issue on Suicide in Asia and the Pacific. They include diverse types of articles and methodologies exploring a variety of topics, including cultural, historical, and gendered contexts of suicide; determinants, risk, and protective factors; help-seeking behaviours; suicide prevention policies and strategies; and interventions, programs, and services.

“Molecules from Side Reactions II” is the second edition of the Special Issue “Molecules from Side Reactions”. Both the Special Issues belong to the section “Organic Synthesis” of the journal Molbank (ISSN 1422-8599). “Molecules from Side Reactions II” showcases brief papers whose main topic is the synthesis and characterization of molecules obtained from unexpected and/or unpredictable synthetic routes. This Special Issue was revealed to be an important discussion forum for the dissemination of multidisciplinary research results. Related Books Molecules from Side Reactions Chemistry & Materials Science Exclusive Papers of the Editorial Board Members of the Organic Chemistry Section of Molecules Medicine & Pharmacology ... Synthesis of Flavonoids or Other Nature-Inspired Small Molecules Medicine & Pharmacology ... Synthesis of Marine Natural Products and Molecules Inspired by Marine Substances II Biology & Life Sciences Natural Products Chemistry Medicine & Pharmacology ... The rec

Service life prediction is crucial for the adoption of more sustainable solutions, allowing developers to optimize the costs and environmental impact of buildings during their life cycle. An accurate assessment of the service life of buildings requires a thorough understanding of the degradation mechanisms and behaviour of the construction materials. Building pathology assessment methods characterize the deterioration state of buildings, using specific measurable properties as indicators. Based on this information, different service life prediction methodologies can be defined to provide reliable data concerning the most probable failure time of whole buildings and individual components according to their characteristics and their age. This Special Issue provides new perspectives on the existing knowledge related with various aspects of the Assessment, Diagnosis and Service Life Prediction of buildings and their components. The ten original research studies published in this Special

Exit problems for one-dimensional Lévy processes are easier when jumps only occur in one direction. In the last few years, this intuition became more precise: we know now that a wide variety of identities for exit problems of spectrally-negative Lévy processes may be ergonomically expressed in terms of two q-harmonic functions (or scale functions or positive martingales) W and Z. The proofs typically require not much more than the strong Markov property, which hold, in principle, for the wider class of spectrally-negative strong Markov processes. This has been established already in particular cases, such as random walks, Markov additive processes, Lévy processes with omega-state-dependent killing, and certain Lévy processes with state dependent drift, and seems to be true for general strong Markov processes, subject to technical conditions. However, computing the functions W and Z is still an open problem outside the Lévy and diffusion classes, even for the simplest risk models with