Perpustakaan Digital

The field of medical and surgical retina has grown exponentially over the recent few decades. Several novel and promising treatments, technological developments, and advanced surgical techniques have become available for eye conditions, including age-related macular degeneration, retinal vein occlusions, diabetic retinopathy and macular oedema, retinal detachment, macular holes and membranes, genetic disorders, uveitis, and inflammations. This Special Issue summarizes modern therapeutic and surgical approaches to retinal and vitreoretinal diseases, making a valuable contribution to our existing knowledge, describing the current state of the art, and providing directions for future research. Related Books Vitreoretinal Disease Medicine & Pharmacology Retinal Diseases Biology & Life Sciences The Challenges and Therapeutic Prospects in Eye Disease Biology & Life Sciences New Challenges in Ocular Drug Delivery Medicine & Pharmacology Treatment of Cornea and Ocular Surface Diseases Medi

This reprint presents a collection of twelve scientific articles that delve into the complex relationship between climate change and food security in various regions of the world. The articles examine the impact of climate change on crop production, water resources, and livestock farming, and they explore potential adaptive measures to mitigate the effects of climate change on food security. The articles cover a wide range of geographic locations, from Southeastern Poland to Central Ethiopia, Algeria, Egypt, South Africa, Afghanistan, and Canada. Each article provides valuable insight into the impact of climate change on food security, including the potential link between drought and wild blueberry production in Maine, the use of geospatial assessments to guide climate adaptation strategies for flood-tolerant rice varieties in India, and the impact of non-conventional agricultural spaces on mitigating the effects of climate change on food security in Quebec, Canada. The authors also

The aim of this Special Issue is to collect valuable contributions from scientists worldwide working on the role that biological, behavioral, and cognitive markers can have in predicting the onset of neuropsychiatric disorders. We were able to collect 13 original articles and two reviews on this topic. The results published in this Special Issue could provide significant support in pre-clinical phases for the identification of vulnerability factors, to better understand the course of the illness, and to predict its outcome, as well as aiding clinicians in the therapeutic decision-making process. Related Books Recent Advances in Psychopathology in Neurodevelopmental Disorders: From Bench to Bedside Medicine & Pharmacology Genetic, Epigenetic, Environmental, and Pharmacological Models for Neuroscience, Neurologic Diseases, and Psychiatric Disorders: Advancement in Bench-to-Bedside Translational Research Biology & Life Sciences ... Future Challenges for the Diagnosis and Management of

The global antimicrobial resistance crisis has been the driver of several international strategies on antimicrobial stewardship. Despite their good intentions, such broad strategies are only slowly being implemented in real life. Antimicrobial resistance bacteria flow among humans and animals, and actions for fighting the problem must consider both sectors. Antimicrobial usage is one of the potential drivers for antimicrobial resistance. The usage of antibiotics concerning companion and food animals and antimicrobials is undoubtedly beneficial for the prevention of diseases and the improvement of livestock performance.Unfortunately, in veterinary medicine, which is challenged by a shortage of experts in key disciplines related to antimicrobial stewardship, there are few antimicrobial treatment guidelines and diagnostic tests are inferior compared to human microbiology, without providing enough valuable information, which makes it difficult to identify by whom, when, and how the antimi

This book compiles four review articles and four research papers that highlight recent developments in the field of peptide nucleic acid (PNA) chemistry and biomedicine. The review articles encompass a variety of fields related to PNA, emphasizing the versatility of this DNA mimic. Two excellent reviews detail the use of PNA for molecular diagnostics of miRNAs and genetic point mutations (SNPs). Another review provides a comprehensive analysis of the various approaches for gene editing using chemically modified PNA molecules. Lastly, PNA molecules are elegantly described as effective (antisense) antimicrobial agents in the final review. The high binding affinity of PNA to complementary DNA and RNA is highlighted in three research articles. Two articles show how PNA molecules act as splice modulating and RNA masking molecules, separately. In another contribution, the high affinity and achiral characteristics of PNAs are used to developed a stable L-DNA-based catalytic hairpin assembly.

Natural toxins are a diverse group of toxic compounds that are naturally produced by living organisms. Possessing various structures, natural toxins demonstrate different biological functions and toxicity. While these compounds are not harmful to the organisms producing them, via different exposure routes, they can reach human and animal bodies and can cause adverse health effects. Chemical diversity, occurrence at low levels, and presence in complex matrices make the reliable detection of natural toxins a persistent analytical challenge. Exposure to natural toxins needs to be studied and monitored; therefore, the availability of robust, sensitive and fit-for-purpose analytical methods for the detection, screening and/or quantification of various groups of natural toxins is crucial. Importantly, continuous advances in analytical methodologies are essential not only for accurate identification and quantification but also for exposure assessment, biomonitoring, and clinical diagnostics. This Special Issue (SI) is dedicated to the analysis of natural toxins via multi-analyte methods. The SI provides a collection of articles that emphasize the simultaneous detection of multiple toxins, showcase innovations in sample preparation, and expand the applicability fields of toxin detection across food, feed, and human biomonitoring.

Rapid progress in brain tumor diagnostics is reshaping practice across neuro-oncology. In line with the newly updated WHO classification of CNS tumors, which formalizes an integrated diagnosis that combines histopathological criteria with tumor-specific molecular signatures, current research is expanding the set of markers and tools that refine tumor recognition and classification. Parallel advances in methodology are streamlining workflows and improving diagnostic accuracy. This Special Issue presents recent advancements and breakthroughs in brain tumor diagnosis. It focuses on the discovery and validation of novel biomarkers, the development and assessment of new diagnostic techniques, and the implementation of state-of-the-art methods for detection and classification. Content spans neuroimaging, molecular biology, pathology, and clinical diagnosis, with an emphasis on approaches that support precision diagnostics and inform treatment selection.

This reprint of a Special Issue of Mathematics presents recent research on the theory and applications of optimization. The subjects that are addressed in the ten research papers cover a broad spectrum of optimization algorithms, such as unconstrained optimization, non-convex optimization, multi-objective optimization, graph theory, or flow shop scheduling.

Foodborne pathogenic microorganisms, as the culprits of various food borne diseases, can be found in natural environment such as water, soil, air and in food chain and manufacturing process of food products. The pathogenic microorganisms found in food contamination include bacteria, yeasts, molds, and viruses, which can cause food spoilage or colonize the gastrointestinal tract by secreting corresponding toxins, leading to foodborne illnesses such as stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting, and even fatality. Foodborne illnesses have become more common over time, posing a major threat to human health around the world. Public health issues caused by pathogenic microorganisms have attracted people 's attention, which are more harmful to the healthcare system and the global economy, raising public awareness of food safety. Therefore, it is necessary to study risk identification, rapid detection, prevention and control of foodborne pathogenic microorganisms. Based on the increasing consumer dem

The reliability of high-voltage equipment is critical to the safe operation of the power grid. This reprint focuses on the new developments and advances in both fundamental and applied research on the testing, monitoring, and diagnostics of high-voltage equipment, including insulators, transformers, etc. Related Books Dielectric Insulation in Medium- and High-Voltage Power Equipment—Degradation and Failure Mechanism, Diagnostics, and Electrical Parameters Improvement Engineering High Voltage Engineering and Applications Engineering Advances in Diagnostic Analysis, Strategic Management, and Proactive Maintenance of Electrical Equipment Engineering Power Transformer Diagnostics, Monitoring and Design Features Engineering Simulation and Analysis of High Voltage Engineering in Power Systems Engineering The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI Privacy Policy Terms and Conditions Terms of Use Accessibil

This collection of articles focuses on different aspects of the study of organic conductors. Recent progress in both theoretical and experimental studies is covered in this Special Issue. Papers on a wide variety of studies are categorized into representative topics of chemistry and physics. Besides classical studies on the crystalline organic conductors, applied studies on semiconducting thin films and a number of new topics shared with inorganic materials are also discussed. Related Books Advances in Organic Conductors and Superconductors Chemistry & Materials Science Ceramic Conductors Chemistry & Materials Science Advances and Challenges in Organic Electronics Chemistry & Materials Science Conductive Polymers Chemistry & Materials Science ... Organic Optoelectronics: Photoelectronic Conversion Materials, Physics and Devices Chemistry & Materials Science The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. About: About MDPI Books Advisory Board Legal Information: MDPI

Entitled “Natural Fiber-Based Composites”, this Special Issue has the objective to give an inventory of the latest research in the area of composites reinforced with natural fibers. Fibers of renewable origin have many advantages. They are abundant and cheap, they have a reduced impact on the environment, and they are also independent from fossil resources. Their ability to mechanically reinforce thermoplastic matrices is well known, as their natural heat insulation ability. In the last twenty years, the use of cellulosic and lignocellulosic agricultural by-products for composite applications has been of great interest, especially for reinforcing matrices. The matrices can themselves be of renewable origin (e.g., proteins, starch, polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoates, polyamides, etc.), thus contributing to the development of 100\% bio-based composites with a controlled end of life. This Special Issue’s objective is to give an inventory of the latest research in this area of composi

This book, Green Concrete for a Better Sustainable Environment, aims to cover recent advances in the development of green concrete solutions and discuss the best ways to leverage opportunities in this domain. Concrete can be described as green concrete if it has one of the following features; it uses waste material as at least one of its components, its production process does not lead to environmental destruction, or it has high performance and life cycle sustainability. At present, natural resources are running out. Cement and concrete made from industrial and construction waste can be regarded as valuable resources for civil infrastructure construction. Green concrete will not only contribute to a circular economy, but can also help to reduce the amount of embodied energy and CO2 emissions associated with cement manufacturing and aggregate quarrying. Using green concrete can also mitigate the environmental threats associated with industrial waste materials. This book covers the the

This Reprint is based on the Special Issue Forest Biometrics, Inventory, and Modelling of Growth and Yield and brings together 10 original papers and one editorial that reflect recent advances in quantitative forest science. The contributions were developed by researchers from 14 countries and include studies conducted in China, Ethiopia, Nigeria, New Zealand, Romania, Spain, Brazil, the Dominican Republic, and Nicaragua, highlighting the broad geographic reach of the volume. Together, the papers show the importance of forest biometrics, inventory, and growth and yield modelling for supporting forest assessment, sustainable management, and decision-making across diverse forest types and management contexts.

This Reprint, “Preaching in Multicultural Contexts”, explores the challenges and possibilities of Christian preaching in diverse cultural, racial, and generational settings. Building on relational, ethical, historical, and performative perspectives, the essays in this Special Issue highlight preaching as a dialogical and transformative act that fosters communal imagination, empathy, and ethical reflection. Contributors examine prophetic and playful preaching, intergenerational dialogue, postcolonial perspectives, and the construction of racial, ethnic, and cultural identities within congregations. Practical strategies are provided for preachers, worship leaders, and faith communities to engage their congregations meaningfully, bridging cultural and generational divides while nurturing solidarity and inclusion. This Reprint emphasizes the role of preaching as both a scholarly and pastoral practice, offering insights for contemporary ministry and intercultural engagement.

The mechanical and structural performances of constructions are essential for ensuring the safety and well-being of society. Throughout their service lives, materials and structures are subjected to various demands, including dynamic loads such as earthquakes, wind, water, and soil pressure, as well as exposure to extreme conditions such as freeze–thaw cycles, corrosion, and heat. While these challenges vary by region, researchers and engineers worldwide continually strive to address the complex demands imposed by society.Recent advancements in construction engineering have significantly matured within specialized fields. However, alongside these developments, new challenges have emerged. The construction industry continues to face numerous unresolved issues that require innovative solutions. To encourage progress in this field, an integrated approach that combines various aspects of engineering and materials science is essential. With this vision, this current Special Issue focuses on uniting achievements in both structural and material engineering as a foundational step toward further advancements.This Special Issue showcases exceptional efforts aimed at addressing the aforementioned challenges. It includes 15 papers on topics spanning from materials science to structural engineering, covering a wide range of construction materials such as wood, concrete, and steel. The collective insights presented in this compilation provide valuable perspectives that can inspire future advancements for researchers and engineers worldwide.

This reprint of a Special Issue of the Journal of Clinical Medicine includes a submission-motivating editorial, eleven clinical research papers (including a meta-analysis), six narrative reviews and a survey-based study, focusing on a wide variety of aspects of intensive care.  Five studies pertain to coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) assess intermittent vs. prolonged prone ventilation and the interaction between early pressure-supported ventilation and kidney injury, as well as the clinical significance of biomarkers (pro-adrenomedullin and heparinase) and of an impaired antibody response.  The COVID-19 narrative reviews analyze published evidence on therapeutic interventions in COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and invasive fungal infections.  The remaining six studies assess the Norwegian version of the Chelsea physical assessment tool, the interaction of base excess and lactate in outcome prediction, left ventricular dysfunction in ARDS, respiratory driv

This reprint is devoted to studying RE-doped bulk and nanocrystalline materials from a scientific point of view and to presenting their possible applications in any field. This reprint is intended to serve as a unique multidisciplinary forum covering all aspects of science, technology and applications of rare-earth-doped crystals, starting from the growth techniques with specific attention to the optical and spectroscopic properties of these materials and their applications. Related Books Nanostructural Materials with Rare Earth Ions: Synthesis, Physicochemical Characterization, Modification and Applications Medicine & Pharmacology ... Advanced Nanocomposites for Photonics and Optoelectronics and Mechanics Physical Sciences Advanced Glasses and Glass-Ceramics Chemistry & Materials Science Optoelectronic Materials, Devices, and Applications Engineering Optical and Quantum Electronics Chemistry & Materials Science ... The recommendations have been generated using an AI system. Abou

This book, “Clay Mineral Transformations after Bentonite/Clayrocks and Heater/Water Interactions from Lab and Large-Scale Tests”, covers a broad range of relevant and interesting topics related to deep geological disposal of nuclear fuels and radioactive waste. Most countries that generate nuclear power have developed radioactive waste management programmes during the last 50 years to emplace long-lived and/or high-level radioactive wastes in a deep underground repository in a suitably chosen host rock formation. The aim is to remove these wastes from the human environment. If a site is properly chosen, a repository system comprising both natural and engineered barriers would provide a high level of protection from the toxic effects of the waste.The 17 papers published in this Special Issue show that bentonites and clayrocks are an essential component of the multi-barrier system ensuring the long-term safety of the final disposal of nuclear waste. The efficiency of such engineered an

Mechanical alloying is a technique of producing alloys and compounds that permits the development of metastable materials (with amorphous or nanocrystalline microstructure) or the fabrication of solid solutions with extended solubility. The elements or compounds to be mixed (usually as powders) are introduced in jars usually under a controlled atmosphere. Regarding the scope of this book, advanced materials have been developed by mechanical alloying: Fe–X–B–Cu (X = Nb, NiZr) nanocrystalline alloys, mixtures of the binary Fe–Mn and Fe–Cr alloys with chromium and manganese nitrides, Mn–Al–Co and Mn–Fe alloys, non-equiatomic refractory high-entropy alloys, nanocrystalline Fe–Cr steels, nanaocrystalline Mn–Co–Fe–Ge–Si alloys, Al–Y2O3 nanocomposite, and hydride-forming alloys. Likewise, production conditions and ulterior treatments can provide readers interesting ideas about the procedure to produce alloys with specific microstructure and functional behavior (mechanical, magnetic, corros

Advances in immunosuppression and kidney transplant techniques have led to significant improvements in the short-term survival of the renal allograft. Long-term graft survival, however, has relatively lagged behind and has now become one of the main problems in kidney transplantation. In this Special Issue, we discuss the recent research developments in kidney transplants that may affect long-term allografts, as well as the survival of the patient. The latest developments in living kidney donation are also explored. Related Books Recent Advances and Clinical Outcomes of Kidney Transplantation Medicine & Pharmacology Advances in Kidney Transplantation Medicine & Pharmacology New Advances in Kidney Transplantation Medicine & Pharmacology Progress and Recent Advances in Solid Organ Transplantation Public Health & Healthcare ... Clinical Studies, Big Data, and Artificial Intelligence in Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine & Pharmacology The recommendations have been generated using a

Biofunctional excipients, such as smart polymers, lipids, and other safe and natural additives, have recently emerged and have shown the ability to alter drug solubility, release characteristics, permeability, and pharmacokinetic profiles. Typical examples include in situ-forming polymers, amino acids, cyclodextrins, and many more. The new knowledge obtained from novel research ideas and manuscripts will contribute to improving bioavailability, reducing adverse effects, achieving drug targeting, or promoting better patient treatment adherence. This Special Issue focuses on recent developments in biofunctional non-active ingredients/excipients used to design pharmaceutical formulations and delivery systems (for topical or systemic routes) that could confer targeted drug delivery or modified drug release to enhance efficacy, reduce irritation at the absorption site, and beyond.

Hydraulics and hydrology are ancient disciplines that play a crucial role in ensuring water security, safeguarding water environments, and maintaining water ecology. In recent years, the construction of high dams, such as the Baihetan Project, has not only resolved numerous problems but has also generated a wealth of practical theories, advanced techniques, and valuable practical experiences in the fields of hydraulics and hydrology. Physical models, numerical models, and prototype measurements are traditional research methods. However, with the rapid advancement of emerging technologies like information technology and big data, the integration of these technologies with hydraulics and hydrology has emerged as a prominent research topic in the current academic landscape. It is essential to summarize and disseminate the above-mentioned research findings to further promote the development of this area of interest. We hope that the work contained within this Reprint will be useful to the scientific community, policymakers, and stakeholders in the field of hydraulics and hydrology at large.

The ICU environment is challenging for both patients and staff. The management of critically ill patients is extremely demanding, and the workload and knowledge level required of staff are high. ICU nurses are responsible for the care and treatment of patients in an unstable and/or critical clinical state, assessment of therapies, and the performance of high-intensity interventions. ICU nursing practice includes crucial clinical decisions based on the best available scientific evidence, clinical experience, and patient preferences. ICU nurses carry out specific, autonomous, or complementary interventions of a technical–scientific, managerial, relational, and educational nature; plan healthcare assistance through scientifically validated tools; and identify, analyze, calculate, and treat risks related to care provision by systematically evaluating healthcare outcomes. This reprint consists of eleven chapters, including eight research reports, one review, and two case reports, and is dedicated to the valuable, hardworking, and respected ICU nursing staff.